Chapter 2: Motor Impairments Flashcards
what is the definition of spasticity?
velocity-dependent increase in tonic stretch reflexes with exaggerated tendon jerks.
sometimes termed at Hypertonia = increase in resistance to passive stretch
What are some considerations when using the modified ashworth scale for assessment of spasticity?
1) Adequate training is required to ensure inter-rater reliability
2) Reliability differs from muscle to muscle
3) Assessment technique must be standardised
4) Some critics question the validity in measuring spasticity. Only a description of resistance to passive movement (measures only one aspect of spasticity)
5) The scale does not comply with the concept of spasticity (velocity-dependent increase in muscle tone)
what are some treatments for spasticity?
Botox
casting
FES
medication
What is Constraint induced movement therapy?
What benefits are there to using CIMT?
Immobilization of the unaffected limb to prevent compensation during exercise
Good for patients with gr 2-3 mm strength, who need to engage in semi-supervised training
what are some treatments for reduced muscle length?
Eccentric loading of agonist muscles strengthening of antagonist muscles casting positioning stretching
what is the definition of contracture?
reduced passive ROM at a joint, usually occurs in a muscles that is shortened for a prolong period of time
what is the definition of reduced muscles coordination?
Decreased dexterity/motor control
Reduced ability to solve any motor task precisely, quickly, rationally and deftly, in a changing environment: occurs as a result of reduced muscle strength in stroke or can occur on its own in stroke without loss of muscle strength
what is the definition of reduced muscles strength?
A reduction in the ability to produce normal levels of voluntary muscle force
what is a compensatory movement/behaviour?
an adaptive behaviour/strategy adopted to achieve desired goals given the state of both neural and MSK systems
Action performed in the most advantageous manner given the effects of the brain lesion