Chapter 2: Motor Impairments Flashcards

1
Q

what is the definition of spasticity?

A

velocity-dependent increase in tonic stretch reflexes with exaggerated tendon jerks.
sometimes termed at Hypertonia = increase in resistance to passive stretch

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2
Q

What are some considerations when using the modified ashworth scale for assessment of spasticity?

A

1) Adequate training is required to ensure inter-rater reliability
2) Reliability differs from muscle to muscle
3) Assessment technique must be standardised
4) Some critics question the validity in measuring spasticity. Only a description of resistance to passive movement (measures only one aspect of spasticity)
5) The scale does not comply with the concept of spasticity (velocity-dependent increase in muscle tone)

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3
Q

what are some treatments for spasticity?

A

Botox
casting
FES
medication

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4
Q

What is Constraint induced movement therapy?

What benefits are there to using CIMT?

A

Immobilization of the unaffected limb to prevent compensation during exercise
Good for patients with gr 2-3 mm strength, who need to engage in semi-supervised training

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5
Q

what are some treatments for reduced muscle length?

A
Eccentric loading of agonist muscles 
strengthening of antagonist muscles 
casting
positioning 
stretching
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6
Q

what is the definition of contracture?

A

reduced passive ROM at a joint, usually occurs in a muscles that is shortened for a prolong period of time

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7
Q

what is the definition of reduced muscles coordination?

A

Decreased dexterity/motor control
Reduced ability to solve any motor task precisely, quickly, rationally and deftly, in a changing environment: occurs as a result of reduced muscle strength in stroke or can occur on its own in stroke without loss of muscle strength

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8
Q

what is the definition of reduced muscles strength?

A

A reduction in the ability to produce normal levels of voluntary muscle force

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9
Q

what is a compensatory movement/behaviour?

A

an adaptive behaviour/strategy adopted to achieve desired goals given the state of both neural and MSK systems
Action performed in the most advantageous manner given the effects of the brain lesion

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