Chapter 2: Morphology

Question 1

Morphemes are the _____________. The are called ______ morphemes when they constitute a word by themselves and _______ morphemes when they are affixed to words

Answer 1

smallest unit of linguistic meaning / free / bound

Question 2

In English, affixes can take the form of ______ when they precede other morphemes, or ______ when they follow other morphemes. Other languages may also have ______ which are inserted into the root morpheme, or _________, which literally surrounds the root morpheme.

Answer 2

preffixes / suffixes / infixes / circumfixes

Question 3

The decomposition of words into morphemes illustrates the linguistic property of _________, which refers to the rule-governed combination of smaller linguistic units into larger ones

Answer 3

discreteness

Question 4

The words formed are either ______ words (_____ class), which denote concepts, or ______ words (_____class), which have grammatical purpose.

Answer 4

content / (open class) / functional / (closed class)

Question 5

True/False - Monomorphemic words are free morphemes?

Answer 5

True

Question 6

What are enthymemes?

Answer 6

Morphemes that have an etymological meaning that has been lost today

Question 7

Morphemes are combined into words following a fixed order, which reflects the ________ structure of the word. This structure is illustrated in _________.

Answer 7

hierarchical / tree diagrams

Question 8

Lexical gaps are

a. concepts for which no words exist yet in a given language
b. well-formed but non-existent words

Answer 8

b. well-formed but non-existent words

Question 9

New words can be formed or ______ following different principles. ______ are a combination of already existing words. When part of these words have been deleted, the resulting word is called a _______

Answer 9

coined / compounds / blends

Question 10

Words can also be shortened, resulting in ______ when parts of the word have been clipped, or in _______ when only the initials have been retained

Answer 10

abbreviations / acronyms

Question 11

Eponyms are:

a. words derived from proper names
b. morphemes that derive meaning etymologically

Answer 11

a. words derived from proper names

Question 12

Some grammatical relations can be expressed either _______ (through morphology) or __________ (through sentence structure)

Answer 12

inflectionally / syntactically

Question 13

True/False - Sigh-language does not contain morphological rules

Answer 13

False