Chapter 2 : Materials and their structure

Question 1

What are the rows in the periodic table called?

Answer 1

Periods

Question 2

What are the columns in the periodic table called?

Answer 2

Groups

Question 3

List the first 20 elements of the periodic table

Answer 3

Hydrogen, Helium, Lithium, Beryllium, Boron, Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine, Neon, Sodium, Magnesium, Aluminium, Silicon, Phosphorus, Sulfur, Chlorine, Argon, Potassium, Calcium

Question 4

Calcium

Answer 4

Ca

Question 5

Hydrogen

Answer 5

H

Question 6

Helium

Answer 6

He

Question 7

Lithium

Answer 7

Li

Question 8

Beryllium

Answer 8

Be

Question 9

Boron

Answer 9

B

Question 10

Carbon

Answer 10

C

Question 11

Nitrogen

Answer 11

N

Question 12

Oxygen

Answer 12

O

Question 13

Fluorine

Answer 13

F

Question 14

Neon

Answer 14

Ne

Question 15

Sodium

Answer 15

Na

Question 16

Magnesium

Answer 16

Mg

Question 17

Aluminium

Answer 17

Al

Question 18

Silicon

Answer 18

Si

Question 19

Phosphorus

Answer 19

P

Question 20

Sulfur

Answer 20

S

Question 21

Chlorine

Answer 21

Cl

Question 22

Argon

Answer 22

A

Question 23

Potassium

Answer 23

K

Question 24

What elements are in the compound CO2

Answer 24

One atom of carbon, two atoms of oxygen

Question 25

What elements are in the compound H2S

Answer 25

Two hydrogen atoms and one sulfur atom

Question 26

What is one calcium atom bonded with one oxygen atom as a chemical name?

Answer 26

CaO

Question 27

Name 3 properties of solids

Answer 27

• Fixed shape
• Fixed volume
• Cannot be poured

Question 28

Name 3 properties of liquids

Answer 28

• No fixed shape
• Fixed volume
• Can be poured

Question 29

Name 3 properties of gases

Answer 29

• No fixed shape
• No fixed volume
• Can be poured

Question 30

Which state of matter is compressed the easiest?

Answer 30

Gas

Question 31

Use particle theory to explain how solid changes into liquid

Answer 31

When the solid is heated up, the particles vibrate faster and move further apart until it’s fixed shape breaks, turning into a liquid.

Question 32

Use particle theory to explain how a liquid turns into a solid

Answer 32

When the liquid loses heat energy, the particle move slower and closer together. The particles continue to move closer together until they become a fixed shape.

Question 33

Use particle theory to explain how a liquid turns into gas

Answer 33

When he liquid is heated, the particles move faster and further apart. When the particles are far apart, some escape the liquid, turning into a gas.

Question 34

What is an atom?

Answer 34

An atom is the smallest unit of matter that makes up everything.

Question 35

What is a compound?

Answer 35

A compound is a substance that consists of two or more different elements bonded together

Question 36

What is the difference between a mixture and a compound?

Answer 36

A mixture is a collection of elements while a compound is two or more elements chemically bonded toegther.