Chapter 2: Key Terms

Question 1

Appeal to Popularity (or to the masses)

Answer 1

The fallacy of arguing that a claim must be true merely because a substantial number of people believe in it.

Question 2

Peer Pressure

Answer 2

Group pressure to accept or reject a claim solely on the basis of what one’s peers think or do.

Question 3

Philosophical Skepticism

Answer 3

The view that we know much less than e do or that we know nothing at all.

Question 4

Social Relativism

Answer 4

The view that truth is relative to societies.

Question 5

Stereotyping

Answer 5

Drawing conclusions about people without sufficient reasons

Question 6

Subjective Relativism

Answer 6

The idea that truth depends on what someone believes.

Question 7

Subjectivist Fallacy

Answer 7

Accepting the notion of subject relativism or using it to try to support a claim.

Question 8

Worldview

Answer 8

A philosophy of life; a set of fundamental ideas that help us make sense of a wide range of important issues in life. A worldview defines for us what exists, what should be, and what we know.