Chapter 2: Early Civilization Flashcards
What does Mesopotamia mean?
“Land between the rivers.”
The belief in many gods.
Polytheism
What was the main occupation for the Sumerians?
Farming
The study of celestial bodies.
Astronomy
What name is given to the “religion” that attempts to interpret human events and destiny by the position of the stars?
Astrology
Who were believed to be the originators of the alphabet?
The Phoenicians
Historians believe that the Hyksos were the ones who enslaved who?
The Israelites
The earliest known form of writing.
Cuneiform
Temple towers built by the Sumerians.
Ziggurats
Location of earliest civilization after the flood. Cradle of civilization.
Fertile Cresent
The Amorite civilization was centered in what capital city?
Babylon
To what river was a Greek historian referring when he called Egypt the “gift of the river”?
Nile
Identify the three major phases of Egyptian history.
-Old Kingdom
-Middle Kingdom
-New Kingdom
Who is called the “Napoleon of Egypt”?
Thutmose III
Who was atop the social structure of ancient Egypt?
The pharaoh
What technique did the Egyptians develop to preserve corpses?
Embalming
The Egyptians contributed greatly to the field of astronomy.
False
Ziggurats are outstanding examples of Egyptian architecture.
False
The Egyptian form of picture writing is called ____________________.
Hieroglyphics