Chapter 14: Pursuit of Power in Europe

Question 1

Layed the foundation for absolutism in France

Answer 1

Henry IV

Question 2

Wanted to destroy the Hugenots and weaken the nobility to strenghten the monarchy

Answer 2

Cardinal Rechelieu

Question 3

The last great religious war fought in Europe

Answer 3

Thirty Years’ War

Question 4

King of Spain; rescued the Protestants

Answer 4

Gustavus Adolphus

Question 5

Brought order to the French economy

Answer 5

Jean-Baptiste Colbert

Question 6

How did monarchs increase their absolute power?

Answer 6

• Increased thier control over finances, religion, and nobility
• Increased the size of their standing army/navy
• Increased the size of their bureaucracy
• Increased the size of their territory

Question 7

What did the Peace of Westphalia recognize?

Answer 7

• Recognized the independnce of the Protestant provinces of the Netherlands and the Swiss confederacy
• Recognized more than three hundred independant German states and reaffirmed that each prince would determine the religion of he territory

Question 8

The first important Prussian ruler; called the “Great Elector”

Answer 8

Frederick William

Question 9

Tripled the size of the Prussian state; known as Frederick “the Great”

Answer 9

Frederick II

Question 10

Which rulers built Prussia into a first-class European power?

Answer 10

Hohenzollern rulers

Question 11

Austria rulers who were unable to create a strong absolutist state

Answer 11

Habsburg rulers

Question 12

Austria ruler who made the government more centralized by weakening local authority

Answer 12

Joseph II

Question 13

Russain ruler who expanded Russian territory and built the St. Basil’s Cathedral.

Answer 13

Ivan IV “the Terrible”

Question 14

Term that comes from the word “Caesar”

Answer 14

Czar

Question 15

Russian family who ruled Russia until it was overthrown in 1917.

Answer 15

Romanov family

Question 16

Wanted to expand Russian territory and acquire warm-water ports

Answer 16

Peter I

Question 17

The war where the Russians defeated Sweden and won additional territory.

Answer 17

Great Northern War

Question 18

What were the problems in the Reign of James I?

Answer 18

• A continued war with Spain
• Growing Puritain demands to purify the chruch
• Demands from Parliament for a greator voice

Question 19

Document sent by Parliament to Charles I which stated that he did not have the right to make people pay taxes without parliamentary consent and that Parliament would not tolerate arbitrary imprisonment of any subjects.

Answer 19

Petition of Right

Question 20

Supporters of Parliament

Answer 20

Roundheads

Question 21

Supporters of the king

Answer 21

Cavaliers

Question 22

Leader of the Roundheads; defeated Charles at the battle.

Answer 22

Oliver Cromwell

Question 23

English government established by Oliver Cromwell

Answer 23

Protectorate

Question 24

Survived on the throne not because he rejected his father had stood for, but because he found ways to circumvent Parliament.

Answer 24

Charles II

Question 25

Reeastablishment of the Stuart monarchy

Answer 25

Restoration

Question 26

Act which makes it illegal for the government to arbitrarily hold someone in jail.

Answer 26

Habeas Corpus Act

Question 27

England underwent a Glorious Revolution after dethroning who?

Answer 27

James II

Question 28

__________ and ________ had to agree to the bill of rights before they were able to become royal rulers.

Answer 28

William III and Mary II

Question 29

1. Philip was allowed to retain the throne of Spain as long as the crowns of France and Spain were not united. 2. Spain had to surrender its possessions in the Netherlands and in the Mediterranean area to Austria. 3. Britain won various Canadian territories from France: New foundlandk, Nova Scotia, and the Hudson Bay territory

Answer 29

Treaty of Utrech

Question 30

British Statesman who devised a system for winning the Seven Years' War

Answer 30

William Pitt

Question 31

Who threatened the Puritans in England?

Answer 31

James I

Question 32

The trial of and execution of Charles I; the exile of his son, Charles II; and the replacement of English monarchy with the Commonwealth of England.

Answer 32

English Civil War

Question 33

1. Limits royal power 2. Established cetrtain civil liberties 3. Forbade future kings or queens from being Catholic

Answer 33

Bill of Rights

Question 34

What revolution set the stage for the Seven Years' War?

Answer 34

Diplomatic Revolution