Chapter 2-DF11 Flashcards
Other fuels
Where does LGP-Liquid petroleum gas come from?
The distillation of crude oil
What is one positive of LPG-Liquid petroleum gas?
Produces fewer unburnt hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides
Produces 20% less carbon dioxide per mile
What is a disadvantage of LPG-Liquid petroleum gas?
LPG filling stations are rare
Where does LNG-Liquid natural gas come from?
Oil and natural gas fields- usually methane
What is one positive of LNG-Liquid natural gas?
Less carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides released than diesel
What is one negative of LNG-Liquid natural gas?
Cannot be liquified by pressure alone so has to be cooled to -160°C- lots of storage needed
Where does Biofuels come from?
Made from renewable plant and animal materials- ethanol and biodiesel
Where does Ethanol come from?
Made by fermenting carbohydrate crops such as sugar cane
What are the positives of ethanol?
Said to be carbon neutral- carbon dioxide produced in the fermentation and burning are absorbed by the growing plants
What are some of the negatives of ethanol?
energy is used to produce and distribute the ethanol. If this energy comes from fossil fuels then it releases carbon dioxide
What is biodiesel made from what is it called?
Made by chemically reacting fats and oils with an alcohol producing fatty acid ester.
The process is called trans-esterification
What are some of the advantages of biodiesel?
Can be made form waste oils
Carbon neutral
What are some of the disadvantages of biodiesel?
Said to be carbon neutral however uses energy to produce and distribute it
What is the equation for a hydrogen fuel cell?
2H2 + O2 = 2H2O
What are some of the advantages of hydrogen fuel cells?
Renewable - made from the electrolysis of water
No CO2 produced
