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Chemistry - Matter and Change > Chapter 2 - Data Analysis > Flashcards

Chapter 2 - Data Analysis Flashcards

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1
Q

The base unit of length in the SI System is the

A

meter

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2
Q

The exactness of a measurement in indicated by its number of -

a) accurate digits
b) algorithms
c) conversation factors
d) significant digits

A

D - significant digits

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3
Q

The SI Prefix meaning “one thousand” is -

a) centi
b) kilo
c) milli
d) nano

A

B - kilo

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4
Q

At what temperature does water boil on the Celsius scale -

A

100 degrees

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5
Q

A cylindrical container holds 75 cm(3) of mercury. If you were asked to determine the mass of the mercury, which of the following would provide the information needed to salve this problem?

a) the formula for the volume of a cylinder
b) the density of mercury
c) the height of the mercury in the cylinder
d) the height of the cylinder

A

B - the density of mercury

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6
Q

The units used to express measurements such as speed, area, and volume are called ____ units.

a) precise
b) derived
c) significant
d) basic

A

B - derived

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7
Q

Density can be measured in the these units:

a) g/s
b) mL/g
c) g/cm(3)
d) m/s

A

C - g/cm(3)

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8
Q

Which of the following is NOT required in order to make a measurement?

a) a method of making a comparison
b) a standard with which to compare what is being measured
c) knowledge of exactly what is to be measured
d) units that are based on the English system of measurement

A

D - Units that are based on the English system of measurement

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9
Q

The SI base unit for the measurement of mass is the

A

kilogram

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10
Q

The correct value for the length of a metal rod is 22.6 cm. Which of the following sets of measurements of this rod could be considered precise but not accurate?

a) 22.5 cm, 22.7 cm, 22.6 cm
b) 12.6 cm, 22.6 cm, 32.6 cm
c) 20.4 cm, 20.2 cm, 20.5 cm
d) 21.6 cm, 23.7 cm, 25.9 cm

A

C - 20.4 cm, 20.2 cm, 20.5 cm

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11
Q

A balance is used to determine the -

a) mass of an object
b) length of an object
c) density of an object
d) temperature of an object

A

A - mass of an object

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12
Q

The density of 1 kilogram of silver is _____the density of 1 gram of silver -

a) greater than
b) the same as
c) less than
d) none of these

A

B - the same as

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13
Q

The mass of 1 kilogram of silver is ______the mass of 1 kilogram of water -

a) greater than
b) the same as
c) less than
d) none of these

A

B - the same as

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14
Q

The term accuracy, when used in measurement, refers to which of the following?

a) the amount of uncertainty in the measurement
b) the closeness of the measurements to one another
c) the reproducibility of the measurement
d) the closeness of the measurement to the accepted value

A

D - the closeness of the measurement to the accepted value

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15
Q

Which metric unit is most appropriate for measuring the distance between Tuscaloosa, AL and Carrollton, AL -

a) meter
b) millimeter
c) kilometer
d) megameter

A

C - kilometer

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16
Q

The base unit of time in the SI system is

A

second

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17
Q

Write in scientific notation:

9 367 421

A

9.367421 X 10(6) (can’t make superscripts so the (6) should really be a superscript. Same throughout all these notecards

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18
Q

810 540 - scientific notation

A

8.10540X 10 (2)

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19
Q

0.00112 - scientific notation

A

1.12 X 10(-3)

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20
Q

0.7210 - scientific notation

A

7.210 X 10(-1)

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21
Q

0.1000003030 - scientific notation

A

1.000003030 X 10(-1)

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22
Q

87.073 meters - round to three sig figs

A

87.1 meters

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23
Q

4.3621 X 10(8) meters - round to three sig figs

A

4.36 X 10(8) meters

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24
Q

0.015 52 meter - round to three sig figs

A

.0155 meters

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25
Q

9009 meters - round to three sig figs

A

9010 meters

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26
Q

1.777 X 10(-3) meter - round to three sig figs

A

1.78 X 10(-3) meters

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27
Q

629.55 meters - round to three sig figs

A

6.30 X 10(2) m

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28
Q

2.30m X 3.65m X 0.55m =

round off the answers to the correct number of sig figs

A

4.6 m(3)

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29
Q

103.8m/31s =

round off answers to the correct number of sig figs

A

3.3 m/s

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30
Q

61.2m + 9.35m + 8.6m =

round off answers to the correct number of sig figs

A

79.2 m

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31
Q

34.61kg - 17.3 kg =

round answers to the correct number of sig figs

A

17.3 kg

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32
Q

12.011ng X 6.02X10(23)ng =

round answers to the correct number of sig figs

A

7.23X10(24) ng(2)

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33
Q

0.500s/44.02s =

round answers to the correct number of sig figs

A

.0114

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34
Q

10 434 mL - 9.3344 mL =

round answers to the correct number of sig figs

A

10425 mL

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35
Q

In an experiment, a student calculates the density of carbon tetrachloride to be 1.72 g/cm(3). When he consults a reference source, he finds out that the density of carbon tetrachloride is actually 1.59 g/cm(3). What is his percent error?

A 
ev = 1.73 g/cm(3)
av = 1.59 g/cm(3)               1.73 - 1.59 = .14
%e = .14/1.59 X 100 = 8.805031447
%e = 8.81%
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36
Q

45.5g = ____________mg

A

4.55 X 10(4)

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37
Q

The correct value for the length of a metal rod is 22.6 cm. Which of the following sets of measurements of this rod could be considered precise but not accurate?

a) 22.5 cm, 22.7 cm, 22.6 cm
b) 12.6 cm, 22.6 cm, 32.6 cm
c) 20.4 cm, 20.2 cm, 20.5 cm
d) 21.6 cm, 23.7 cm, 25.9 cm

A

C - 20.4 cm, 20.2 cm, 20.5 cm

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38
Q

The base unit of time in the SI system is

A

second

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39
Q

Write in scientific notation:

9 367 421

A

9.367421 X 10(6) (can’t make superscripts so the (6) should really be a superscript. Same throughout all these notecards

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40
Q

The melting point of gold is 1064C. Express this temperature according to Fahrenheit and Kelvin scales.

A

K = C + 273 5F =9C + 160
K = 1064 + 273 5F = 9(1064) + 160
K = 1337K 5F=9736
F = 1947.2F

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41
Q

0.00112 - scientific notation

A

1.12 X 10(-3)

42
Q

0.7210 - scientific notation

A

7.210 X 10(-1)

43
Q

0.1000003030 - scientific notation

A

1.000003030 X 10(-1)

44
Q

87.073 meters - round to three sig figs

A

87.1 meters

45
Q

4.3621 X 10(8) meters - round to three sig figs

A

4.36 X 10(8) meters

46
Q

0.015 52 meter - round to three sig figs

A

.0155 meters

47
Q

9009 meters - round to three sig figs

A

9010 meters

48
Q

1.777 X 10(-3) meter - round to three sig figs

A

1.78 X 10(-3) meters

49
Q

629.55 meters - round to three sig figs

A

6.30 X 10(2) m

50
Q

2.30m X 3.65m X 0.55m =

round off the answers to the correct number of sig figs

A

4.6 m(3)

51
Q

103.8m/31s =

round off answers to the correct number of sig figs

A

3.3 m/s

52
Q

61.2m + 9.35m + 8.6m =

round off answers to the correct number of sig figs

A

79.2 m

53
Q

34.61kg - 17.3 kg =

round answers to the correct number of sig figs

A

17.3 kg

54
Q

12.011ng X 6.02X10(23)ng =

round answers to the correct number of sig figs

A

7.23X10(24) ng(2)

55
Q

0.500s/44.02s =

round answers to the correct number of sig figs

A

.0114

56
Q

10 434 mL - 9.3344 mL =

round answers to the correct number of sig figs

A

10425 mL

57
Q

In an experiment, a student calculates the density of carbon tetrachloride to be 1.72 g/cm(3). When he consults a reference source, he finds out that the density of carbon tetrachloride is actually 1.59 g/cm(3). What is his percent error?

A 
ev = 1.73 g/cm(3)
av = 1.59 g/cm(3)               1.73 - 1.59 = .14
%e = .14/1.59 X 100 = 8.805031447
%e = 8.81%
58
Q

45.5g = ____________mg

A

4.55 X 10(4)mg

59
Q

49g = _________ kg

A

4.9 X 10(-2) kg

60
Q

1.60 mL = ____________microliters

A

1.60 X 10(3) microliters

61
Q

5.2 cm = __________ mm

A

52 mm

62
Q

209 nm = ___________m

A

2.09 X 10(-7) m

63
Q

Osmium is the densest element known. What is its density if 2.72g of the element has a volume of 0.121 cm(3)

A 
d = m/v
m= 2.72g                            d = 2.72g/.121 cm(3)
v = 0.121cm(3)                    d=22.5 g/cm(3)
64
Q

The temperature on the planet Mongo averages -237.3 F when the planet is farthest in its orbit from its sun. What is the temperature in kelvin and in Celsius?

A

-237.3F K = C+273 5F = 9C + 160
5(-273.3) = 9C +160
K=149.6+273 -1346.5/9C
K = 123.4K C = -149.6

65
Q

The lowest outdoor temperature ever recorded on Earth is -128.6F. What is this temperature in Celsius and Kelvin

A 
5F = 9C +160                     K=C+273
5(-128.6) = 9C +160              -89.2 + 273
C= -89/2                             K = 183.8 K
66
Q

Liquid nitrogen is used to cool substances to very low temperature. Express the boiling point of liquid nitrogen (77.34K) in Fahrenheit and Celsius.

A

K = C + 273 5F = 9C+160
77.34K = C + 273 5F = 9(-195.66) + 273
C = -195.66C 5F = 1600.94
F = -320.188F

67
Q

The melting point of gold is 1064C. Express this temperature according to Fahrenheit and Kelvin scales.

A

K = C + 273 5F =9C + 160
K = 1064 + 273 5F = 9(1064) + 160
K = 1337K 5F=9736
F = 1947.2F

68
Q

Refers to how close a measured value is to an accepted value

A

accuracy

69
Q

The process of assuring the accuracy of a measuring device

A

calibration

70
Q

When you convert to _____________, you remove the placeholder zeros.

A

scientific notation

71
Q

method of problem solving that uses conversion factors

A

dimensional analysis

72
Q

When dividing numbers in scientific notation, what do you do with the exponents?

A

subtract them

73
Q

T/F

Answers should have no more significant figures than the data with the fewest significant figures.

A

True
Example: if calculating density and the mass has 4 significant figures and volume has three, then the answer should have no more than three significant figures

74
Q

Refers to how close a series of measurements are to one another

A

precision

75
Q

Expresses a number as a multiple of two factors: a number between 1 and 10 and ten raised to a power or an exponent

A

scientific notation

76
Q

The number of known digits in a measurement plus one estimated digit

A

significant figures

77
Q

The steepness of the line in a graph

A

slope

78
Q

The difference between an accepted value and an experiment value is called

A

error

79
Q

The ratio of an error to an accepted value is called

A

percent error

80
Q

When you calculate percent error, you can ignore the -

a) accepted values
b) measured values
c) experimental values
d) plus and minus signs

A

D - plus and minus signs

81
Q

If two measurements are very close to each other, then they are -

a) accurate
b) precise
c) both accurate and precise
d) accepted values

A

B - precise

82
Q

Which of the following is most likely to produce data that are not precise?

a) a balance that is not set to zero
b) not reading a graduated cylinder at eye level
c) altering the procedure during an experiment
d) making the same error with each trail

A

C - altering the procedure during an experiment

83
Q

Put these in order from largest to smallest -

centi, giga, kilo, mega, milli, nano, pico

A 
giga 
mega 
kilo
centi
milli
nano
pico
84
Q

list symbol and factor that each represent

a) centi
b) kilo
c) milli

A

a) c; 1/100
b) k; 1000
c) m; 1/1000

85
Q

What is the difference between a base unit and a derived unit?

A

Base units are defined units based on specific objects or events in the physical world. Derived units are defined by combining base units.

86
Q

A ratio that compares the mass of an object to its volume

A

density

87
Q

What is the three-part process for problem solving?

A

Analyze - solve - evaluate

88
Q

How are degrees Celsius converted to Kelvin

A

by adding 273 to whatever degree Celsius you are working with

89
Q

A factor of equivalent values used to express the same quantity in different units is -

A

conversion factor

90
Q

What is a method of problem solving that often uses conversion factors

A

dimensional analysis

91
Q

The digits reported in an answer are called

A

significant figures

92
Q

The numeral 9.66 has three significant figures, two known figures and one ______figure

A

estimated

93
Q

All final ___________to the right of the decimal place are significant.

A

zeros

94
Q

_______ numbers are always significant

A

non-zero

95
Q

Zeros that act as ________ are not significant.

A

placeholders

96
Q

__________ have an infinite number of significant figures.

A

Counting numbers

97
Q

When you convert to _____________, you remove the placeholder zeros.

A

scientific notation

98
Q

When multiplying numbers in scientific notation, what do you do with the exponents?

A

add them

99
Q

When dividing numbers in scientific notation, what do you do with the exponents?

A

subtract them

100
Q

T/F

Answers should have no more significant figures than the data with the fewest significant figures.

A

True
Example: if calculating density and the mass has 4 significant figures and volume has three, then the answer should have no more than three significant figures

Chemistry - Matter and Change (6 decks)

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