Chapter 2, Cont.

Question 1

fMRI stands for

Answer 1

functional magnetic resonance imaging

Question 2

PET stands for

Answer 2

positron emission tomography

Question 3

EEG stands for

Answer 3

electroencephalography

Question 4

MEG stands for

Answer 4

magnetoencephalography

Question 5

fMRI and PET rely on _____ _____.

Answer 5

blood flow

Question 6

fMRI and PET generates images of brain ______ rather than brain _____.

Answer 6

activity; structure

Question 7

PET involves a short-lived injection of ______ ______.

Answer 7

radioactive chemicals

Question 8

Downsides of fMRI and PET are that they don’t really _______ and they have poor _______.

Answer 8

track neural activity; spatial resolution

Question 9

EEG and MEG involve ______ on the surface of the _____.

Answer 9

electrodes; scalp

Question 10

EEG has terrible ____ resolution.

Answer 10

spatial

Question 11

MEG constructs real-time maps of brain _____ during ongoing cognitive processing.

Answer 11

activity

Question 12

MEG measures the minuscule _____ ____ produced by the electrical activity of cortical _____.

Answer 12

magnetic fields; neurons

Question 13

Spatial resolution means ___ in the brain.

Answer 13

where

Question 14

Temporal resolution means __ in the brain.

Answer 14

when

Question 15

A limit of neuroimaging in general: _____ aren’t the same between people!

Answer 15

lesions

Question 16

A limit of neuroimaging in general: brain ____ is imprecise

Answer 16

damage

Question 17

A limit of neuroimaging in general: long-term _______ affect behavior

Answer 17

consequences

Question 18

Causal inference asks whether this (_____) causes this (_____).

Answer 18

in brain; behavior

Question 19

Patient studies teach us that brain _____ impairs specific _____.

Answer 19

damage; behaviors

Question 20

TMS stands for:

Answer 20

transcranial magnetic stimulation

Question 21

TMS is a way to create a “virtual” _____.

Answer 21

lesion

Question 22

Optogenetics is a new technique to manipulate the ____ of specific subsets of neurons.

Answer 22

activity

Question 23

Animal studies pros and cons:

Answer 23

pros: allows more experimental control (results far more straightforward to interpret, can answer more causal questions, can manipulate [and measure] highly specific brain regions); major limitation: subjects aren’t humans!