Chapter 2: Climate

Question 0

Rate at which temperature declines with altitude

Answer 0

Environmental lapse rate

Question 1

The ability of an environment to support life

Answer 1

Habitability

Question 2

Deflection in patterns of airflow due to differences in rotation speed

Answer 2

Coriolanus effect

Question 3

Oscillation in surface pressure between SE pacific and Indonesian/Australian regions

Answer 3

Southern Oscillation Index (SOI)

Question 4

What are the effects of an urban microclimate?

Answer 4

Pavement absorbs heat so increased temperature
Tall buildings affect wind circulation and cooling patterns
Increased runoff from rain because no soil absorption

Question 5

Air moves northward toward the pole, diverted to the right by the coriolis effect

Answer 5

Westerlies

Question 6

South flowing stream becomes strong, reliable winds

Answer 6

Trade winds

Question 7

Southward moving air that is deflected to the right by the coriolis effect

Answer 7

Polar easterlies

Question 8

Characterized by high amounts of precipitation and where the trade winds meet

Answer 8

Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)

Question 9

What do microclimates affect?

Answer 9

Topography
Vegetative cover
Exposure