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BIO 203 > Chapter 2 - Chemistry > Flashcards

Chapter 2 - Chemistry Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

A form of matter that canny be broken down into simpler substances; made of many atoms that are all the same

A

Element

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1
Q

Units of matter that annoy be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means

A

Atoms

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2
Q

The number of protons in the nucleus

A

Atomic number

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3
Q

The number of protons plus the number of neutrons

A

Atomic mass

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4
Q

An unstable isotope

A

Radioisotope

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5
Q

Two or more elements, atoms held together by chemical bonds

A

Compound

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6
Q

A chemical structure held together by covalent bonds

A

Molecule

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7
Q

An atom or group of atoms with a positive or negative electrical charge

A

Ion

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8
Q

A polar molecule

A

Water

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9
Q

When the electron of a covalent bond are shared unequally is a called a ____ bond

A

Polar

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10
Q

Release hydrogen ions when placed in water

A

Acids

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11
Q

Produce hydroxide ions when added to water

A

Bases

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12
Q

The negative logarithm of the concentration of the H+ ions in solution

A

pH

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13
Q

Prevents dramatic changes in pH

A

Buffers

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14
Q

The giant molecules of life; long chains of polymers made of repeating units called monomers

A

Macromolecules

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15
Q

Process by which a water molecule is removed and two monomers are joined

A

Dehydration synthesis

16
Q

Process when the same molecules are broken apart, water is added and a reaction is created

A

Hydrolysis

17
Q

Polymers, made of monosaccharides, composed of C, H, and O

A

Carbohydrates

18
Q

Chained of monosaccharides that store energy or provide structure

A

Polysaccharides

19
Q

Storage polysaccharide in animals

A

Glycogen

20
Q

Storage polysaccharide in plants

A

Starch

21
Q

An indigestible (to humans) polysaccharide made of repeating units of glucose

A

Cellulose

22
Q

Water-insoluble molecules made of C, H, and O; store long term energy, protect vital organs, form cell membranes

A

Lipids

BIO 203 (10 decks)

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