Chapter 2 - Chemical Basics of Life

Question 1

Explain Acids

Answer 1

Acids are electrolytes that release hydrogen ions in water

Question 2

Explain bases

Answer 2

Bases are electrolytes that release ions that bond with hydrogen ions

Question 3

Explain buffers

Answer 3

Chemicals that resist ph changes are called buffers.

They combine with hydrogen ions when those ions are excessive and contribute hydrogen ions when those ions are reduced.

Question 4

Define: pH

Answer 4

A measurement of hydrogen ion concentration

Question 5

Define: enzymes

Answer 5

Enzymes are ‘globular proteins’ that promote chemical reactions by lowering the ‘activation energy’ requirements.

Question 6

Define: catalyst

Answer 6

A catalyst is a compound that accelerates a chemical reaction without itself being permanently changed or consumed

Question 7

Functions of enzymes

Answer 7

They make chemical reactions possible and catalyse the reactions that sustain life.
Enzyme molecules are manufactured by cells to promote a specific reaction.
Enzymes make metabolic reactions possible inside cells by controlling the temperature conditions that otherwise would be too mild for them to occur.