chapter 13 - the senses Flashcards
list the 5 sensory receptors
chemoreceptors nociceptors thermoreceptors mechanoreceptors photoreceptors
each type of receptor is most sensitive to a distinct type of stimulus
what are sensations
sensations are feelings resulting from sensory stimulation
general senses are associated with receptors in:
skin
muscles
joints
viscera
general senses are:
touch
pressure
temperature
pain
special senses have receptors in:
large, complex sensory organs of the head
the special senses are:
smell taste hearing equilibrium sight
olfactory organs consist of:
receptors and supporting cells in the nasal cavity
taste receptors consist of:
taste cells and supporting cells
the five basic types of taste sensation
sweetness sourness saltiness bitterness umami (deliciousness)
Sound perception is received by vibrations in?
Outer, middle and inner ear work together to receive vibrations which are perceived as sounds.
Middle ear is connected to throat via eustachian tubes
The inner ear gives sense of equilibrium.
The outer ear consists of?
Auricle (pinna)
External acoustic meatus (external auditory canal)
Eardrum (tympanic membrane)
The middle ear (tympanic cavity) contains?
Auditory ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes) and is connected to the throat via the auditory (eustachian) tube
The complex inner ear is important to establish the sense of?
Equilibrium
It contains Chambers and tubes that form it’s bony labyrinth, which lies above and membranous labyrinth. The semicircular canal is a in equilibrium, whereas the cochlear functions in hearing.
The sense of equilibrium consists of static and dynamic equilibrium.
Static equilibrium
In static equilibrium, the position of the head is sensed while the head and body are still.
Dynamic equilibrium
In dynamic equilibrium, motion is detected when the body and head move all rotate, aiding in balance.
What is the dominant sense
Vision. The sense of sight.
The eye has three distinct layers - outer layer
The outer layer is fibrous and anterior imposition, bulging forward to form the transparent cornea. The cornea and lens of each eye refract light waves to focus an image on the retina, which transmits visual perceptions to the brain.
The white coloured sclera makes up most of the outer layer.
The eye has three distinct layers - middle layer
The middle layer of the eye called the uvea, is vascular And includes the choroid coat, ciliary body, and iris.
The lens is held in position by many suspensory ligament’s behind the iris and pupil.
The eye has three distinct layers - inner layer
The inner layer of the eye is the nervous liar and consists of the retina and it’s millions of photoreceptors. When lightwaves bend to focus, the phenomena and is called refraction.
Photoreceptors known as rods provide vision in dim light, without colour. Other photoreceptors called cones provide colour vision.
