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Vertebrate Zoology > Chapter 2 Book Notes > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Book Notes Flashcards

1
Q

Vertebrates are members of the phyla

A

Chordata

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2
Q

What are the 3 classes of chordata

A

Vertebrate
urochodata
cephelochordata

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3
Q

What is the kingdom that contains chordata and about 30 other phyla

A

Metazoan

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4
Q

What two phyla are not triploblastic and what are they?

A

Sponges and cnidarians

they are diploblaastic

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5
Q

What two germ layers are used by diploblast

A

ectoderm and endoderm

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6
Q

what eon and era were bilaterians first seen

A

the end of the proterozoic eon during the Cambrian era

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7
Q

What can contribute to the sudden apperance of metazoan diversification

A

frequency of hard parts in the body plan

fossil localities capable of preserving soft bodies

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8
Q

what does the blastophore become on protostomes?

A

the mouth

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9
Q

What is the first opening formed on deutrostomes?

A

the anus

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10
Q

are chordates protostomes or deutrostomes?

A

deuterostomes

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11
Q

What are the several shared derived characteristics of Chordates?

A 
notochord
hollow, dorsal nerve chord
muscular post-anal
pharyngeal slits
endostyle/ thyroid
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12
Q

what does the notchord become in vertebrates? what is it replaced by?

A

the invertebral disc and the vertebral column

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13
Q

what are characteristics that are lost in tunicates

A

myomeres
caudal fin
reduced genome

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14
Q

what characteristics are shared between tunicates and vertbrates?

A

genetic distinction between the hind- and midbrain

embryonic cells that may be homologous to neural crest cells

heart with rhythmic pacemaker

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15
Q

when are the earliest vertebrates found, why were they interpreted as so?

A

cambrian sediments

the segmentation of dorsal structures = vertebrates

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16
Q

what is the only group that has vertebrae with a centrum

A

gnathosomes

17
Q

What unique characteristics do vertebrates have

A

cranium
head
pituitary
mineralized tissues

18
Q

what are the 3 germ layers

A

ectodem
endoderm
mesoderm

19
Q

what is the fate of the ectoderm

A

superficial skin layers

majority of the nervous sysytem

20
Q

what is the fate of the endoderm

A

majority of the digestive tract lining

most repiratory surfaces

21
Q

what is the fate of the mesoderm

A 
muscles
skeleton
connective tissuee
circulatory
urogenitals
22
Q

types of coelom

A

peritoneum

pericardium

Vertebrate Zoology (5 decks)

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