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Medical Terminology Simplified > Chapter 2- Body Structures > Flashcards

Chapter 2- Body Structures Flashcards

1
Q

Chondr/o

A

Cartilage.

Chrondroma- tumor composed of cartilage

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2
Q

Cyt/o

A

Cell.

Cytometer- instrument for counting and measuring cells

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3
Q

Hist/o

A

Tissue.

Histolysis- separation destruction or loosening of tissue. (-lysis :separation, destruction, or loosening).

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4
Q

Nucle/o

A

Nucleus.

Nuclear- pertaining to the nucleus

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5
Q

Anter/o

A

Anterior, front.

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6
Q

Caud(o)

A

Tail.

Caudad- toward the tail, in a posterior direction
-ad : toward

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7
Q

Dist/o

A

Far, farthest

Distal- pertaining to a point farthest from the center, a medial line, or the trunk; opposed to proximal

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8
Q

Dors/o

A

Back (of body)

Distal- pertaining to the back or posterior of body.

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9
Q

Infer/o

A

Lower, below

Inferior- pertaining to below or lower; toward the tail.

(-ior: pertaining to)

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10
Q

Later/o

A

Side. To one side.

Lateral- pertaining to the side

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11
Q

Medi/o

A

Middle.

Pertaining to the middle

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12
Q

Poster/o-

A

Back (of the body), behind, posterior.

Pertaining to or toward the rear or caudal end

(-ior: pertaining to)

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13
Q

Proxim/o

A

Near, nearest.

Proximal- nearest to the point of attachment, center of the body, or point of reference.

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14
Q

Super/o

A

Upper, above.

Superior- pertaining to above or higher; toward the head.

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15
Q

Ventr/o

A

Belly, belly side.

Ventral- pertaining to the belly side or front of the body.

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16
Q

-ad

A

Toward

Mediad- toward the middle or center

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17
Q

-logist.

A

Specialist in the study of

18
Q

-logy

A

Study of

19
Q

-lysis

A

Separation, destruction, loosening.

Cytolysis- destruction, dissolution, or separation of a cell.

20
Q

-toxic

A

Poison.

Cytotoxic- substance that is detrimental or destructive to cells

21
Q

Pertaining to (suffixes)

A
  • ac
  • al
  • ar
  • ary
  • eal
  • iac
  • ic
  • ior
  • out
  • tic
22
Q

Anatomic position

A

Standing upright, face forward, arms at sides with palms forward, legs parallel and the feet slightly apart with toes pointing forward.

23
Q

Abdomin/o-

A

Abdomen.

24
Q

Cephal/o

A

Head..

Cephalad- toward the head

25
Q

Cervic/o

A

Neck; cervix uteri (neck of the uterus)

26
Q

Crani/o

A

Cranium, skull.

27
Q

Gastr/o

A

Stomach.

28
Q

Ili/o

A

Ilium (lateral, flaring portion of hip bone)

29
Q

Inguin/o

A

Groin.

30
Q

Lumb/o

A

Loins, lower back

Lumbar- pertaining to the loin area or lower back.

31
Q

Spin/o

A

Spine.

32
Q

Thorac/o

A

Chest.

Thoracic- pertaining to the chest.

33
Q

Umbilic/o

A

Umbilicus, navel.

34
Q

Three Major Body planes:

Median(midsagittal)
Frontal (coronal)
Horizontal (transverse)

A

Median (midsagittal) - divides the body into two equal halves. Chest is divided into equal right and left sides.

Frontal (coronal) - divides body in half from front to back. Commonly used to take anteroposterior chest X-ray, where beam enters on anterior side of body and exits posterior.

Horizontal (transverse)- runs across the body from right to left dividing the body into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) portions.

35
Q

Two major cavities of the body-

Dorsal and ventral cavities.
What are their subdivisions?

A

Dorsal:
cranial and spinal

Ventral:
Thoracic and abdominopelvic

36
Q

Diaphragm

A

Dome-shaped muscle that plays an important role in breathing. Separates thoracic cavity from abdominopelvic cavity.

37
Q

Epi-

A

Above, on

Epigastric. Pertaining to region above or on the stomach

38
Q

Adhesion-

A

Band of scar tissue binding anatomical surfaces that are normally separate from each other.

39
Q

Inflammation

A

Protective response of body tissues to irritation, infection, or allergy

40
Q

Sepsis

A

Body’s inflammatory response to infection, in which there is fever, elevated heart and respiratory rate, and low BP.

41
Q

Endoscopy-

A

visual examination of the interior organs and cavities with a specialized lighted instrument called an endoscope.

42
Q

pelv/o, pelv/i

A

pelvis

Medical Terminology Simplified (11 decks)

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