Chapter 2 - Biomechanics of Resistance Exercise Flashcards
The origin of the muscle is what end
Usually is seen to be more
Proximal attachment
Stationary
The insertion of the muscle is what end
Usually is seen to be more
Distal attachment
Related to movement
Fleshy attachments are usually found at what end of the muscle
What is unique here
Proximal
Muscle fibers are directly affixed to the bone - spread wide to allow distribution of force
Fibrous attachments are
Example of fibrous attachments is
Continuous with both muscle sheath and connective tissue
Tendons
When is a muscle called synergist
When it assists indirectly in a movement
The position of the fulcrum, muscle force and resistive force in First Class levers are
The fulcrum is in the middle
The Muscle Force and Resistive Force are opposite sides of the Fulcrum
The position of the fulcrum, muscle force and resistive force in Second Class levers are
Is there mechanical advantage or disadvantage
Muscle Force and Resistive Force on the same side
Muscle Force has longer moment arm than Resistive Force
Mechanical advantage
The position of the fulcrum, muscle force and resistive force in Third Class levers are
Muscle Force and Resistive Force on the same side
Muscle Force has shorter moment arm than Resistive Force
Mechanical disadvantage
What is torque
The degree which a force tends to rotate
What is an example of a:
First Class Lever System
Second Class Lever System
Third Class Lever System
Tricep Extension
Calf Raise
Bicep curl
What is unique about the patella and mechanical advantage
The patella increases mechanical advantage of the quadriceps by maintaining the moment arm distance
During a bicep curl, does the moment arm decrease or increase in distance
Is there a mechanical advantage or disadvantage through the range of motion
Decrease
Mechanical disadvantage
In some people, what is unique if the tendons are attached to the bone further away from the joint center
They can lift heavier weights due to a longer moment arm
What is the trade off involved in tendon insertion
When there is an increase in mechanical advantage
Loss of max speed
Less range of motion
What is the definition of strength
Ability to exert force
