Chapter 2 - Basic Physics for Radiography Flashcards
“Entities must not be multiplied beyond what is necessary”
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Ockham’s Razor
What are the 3 standards of measurement?
Book
- time (s)
- length (m)
- mass (g)
What is mass?
Book
the amount of matter contained in an object (kg / lb)
The Base Quantities and Forces
What are the 4 fundamental forces?
- gravity
- the weak nuclear force
- electromagnetism
- the strong nuclear force
The Base Quantities and Forces
Which is the weakest of the fundamental forces?
GRAVITY
The Base Quantities and Forces
Which is the strongest of the fundamental forces?
STRONG NUCLEAR FORCE
The Physics of Energy
What does the law of conservation of energy state?
energy can not be created or destroyed, but it can be changed
The Physics of Energy
Give an example of a non-conserved quantity
FORCE
The Physics of Energy
What is the energy that would be released if any particle were “annihilated” called?
REST ENERGY
The Physics of Energy
What is a device that can change one form of energy into another called?
TRANSDUCER
What is a single x-ray or light ray called?
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QUANTUM
Do SOLIDS have a DEFINITE or INDEFINITE shape/volume?
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- DEFINITE shape
- DEFINITE volume
Do LIQUIDS have a DEFINITE or INDEFINITE shape/volume?
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- INDEFINITE shape
- DEFINITE volume
Do GASES have a DEFINITE or INDEFINITE shape/volume?
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- INDEFINITE shape
- INDEFINITE volume
What is a fluid?
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any substance that flows; liquids and gases
What is a resin?
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a material that does not have a threshold to change state
What is CONDUCTION?
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method of heat transfer by direct contact
What is CONVECTION?
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method of heat transfer by mixing of fluids
What is RADIATION?
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method of heat transfer in which EM waves are transmitted through space
Review Questions
Which of the four fundamental forces is responsible for natural radioactivity?
WEAK NUCLEAR FORCE
Review Questions
X-ray wavelengths are best measured using what special unit?
ANGSTROM
Review Questions
What is the generic unit of energy?
JOULE
Review Questions
What property of liquids allows the heart to pump blood?
Inability to compress
Review Questions
Heat energy is manifest as a change in temperature or as a change in
KINETIC ENERGY
List the three methods of heat transfer:
Review Questions
CONDUCTION, CONVECTION, RADIATION
What is defined as the temperature at which all molecular motion would theoretically stop?
Review Questions
ABSOLUTE ZERO (-273C)
Know what the special radiologic units of measure are and what they measure
Study Guide
- BECQUEREL - ACTIVITY
- GRAY – ABSORBED DOSE
- SIEVERT – EQUIVALENT DOSE, EFFECTIVE DOSE
Know what a tissue weighting factor is and what a radiation weighting factor is.
Study Guide
- RADIATION WEIGHTING FACTOR (Wr) – used to calculate equivalent dose from absorbed dose
- TISSUE WEIGHTING FACTOR (Wt) – used to calculate effective dose from equivalent dose
