Chapter 2 - Basic Physics for Radiography

Question 1

“Entities must not be multiplied beyond what is necessary”

Book

Answer 1

Ockham’s Razor

Question 2

What are the 3 standards of measurement?

Book

Answer 2

• time (s)
• length (m)
• mass (g)

Question 3

What is mass?

Book

Answer 3

the amount of matter contained in an object (kg / lb)

Question 4

The Base Quantities and Forces

What are the 4 fundamental forces?

Answer 4

• gravity
• the weak nuclear force
• electromagnetism
• the strong nuclear force

Question 5

The Base Quantities and Forces

Which is the weakest of the fundamental forces?

Answer 5

GRAVITY

Question 6

The Base Quantities and Forces

Which is the strongest of the fundamental forces?

Answer 6

STRONG NUCLEAR FORCE

Question 7

The Physics of Energy

What does the law of conservation of energy state?

Answer 7

energy can not be created or destroyed, but it can be changed

Question 8

The Physics of Energy

Give an example of a non-conserved quantity

Answer 8

FORCE

Question 9

The Physics of Energy

What is the energy that would be released if any particle were “annihilated” called?

Answer 9

REST ENERGY

Question 10

The Physics of Energy

What is a device that can change one form of energy into another called?

Answer 10

TRANSDUCER

Question 11

What is a single x-ray or light ray called?

Book

Answer 11

QUANTUM

Question 12

Do SOLIDS have a DEFINITE or INDEFINITE shape/volume?

Book

Answer 12

• DEFINITE shape
• DEFINITE volume

Question 13

Do LIQUIDS have a DEFINITE or INDEFINITE shape/volume?

Book

Answer 13

• INDEFINITE shape
• DEFINITE volume

Question 14

Do GASES have a DEFINITE or INDEFINITE shape/volume?

Book

Answer 14

• INDEFINITE shape
• INDEFINITE volume

Question 15

What is a fluid?

Book

Answer 15

any substance that flows; liquids and gases

Question 16

What is a resin?

Book

Answer 16

a material that does not have a threshold to change state

Question 17

What is CONDUCTION?

Book

Answer 17

method of heat transfer by direct contact

Question 18

What is CONVECTION?

Book

Answer 18

method of heat transfer by mixing of fluids

Question 19

What is RADIATION?

Book

Answer 19

method of heat transfer in which EM waves are transmitted through space

Question 20

Review Questions

Which of the four fundamental forces is responsible for natural radioactivity?

Answer 20

WEAK NUCLEAR FORCE

Question 21

Review Questions

X-ray wavelengths are best measured using what special unit?

Answer 21

ANGSTROM

Question 22

Review Questions

What is the generic unit of energy?

Answer 22

JOULE

Question 23

Review Questions

What property of liquids allows the heart to pump blood?

Answer 23

Inability to compress

Question 24

Review Questions

Heat energy is manifest as a change in temperature or as a change in

Answer 24

KINETIC ENERGY

Question 25

List the three methods of heat transfer:

Review Questions

Answer 25

CONDUCTION, CONVECTION, RADIATION

Question 26

What is defined as the temperature at which all molecular motion would theoretically stop?

Review Questions

Answer 26

ABSOLUTE ZERO (-273C)

Question 27

Know what the special radiologic units of measure are and what they measure

Study Guide

Answer 27

• BECQUEREL - ACTIVITY
• GRAY – ABSORBED DOSE
• SIEVERT – EQUIVALENT DOSE, EFFECTIVE DOSE

Question 28

Know what a tissue weighting factor is and what a radiation weighting factor is.

Study Guide

Answer 28

• RADIATION WEIGHTING FACTOR (Wr) – used to calculate equivalent dose from absorbed dose
• TISSUE WEIGHTING FACTOR (Wt) – used to calculate effective dose from equivalent dose