Chapter 2: Atoms, ions and compounds

Question 1

Charge on a proton

Answer 1

+1

Question 2

Charge on a neutron

Answer 2

0

Question 3

Charge on an electron

Answer 3

-1

Question 4

Mass of a proton or neutron

Answer 4

1

Question 5

Mass of an electron

Answer 5

1/1836

Question 6

Atomic number?

Answer 6

Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

Question 7

Isotope?

Answer 7

Atoms of the same element with different number of neutrons and different masses
(different isotopes of the same element react in the same way)

Question 8

Mass number?

Answer 8

number of protons + number of neutrons

Question 9

Ion?

Answer 9

a charged atom- has different number of electrons to protons

Question 10

Cations?

Answer 10

Atoms with fewer electrons than protons so have an overall positive charge

Question 11

Anions?

Answer 11

Atoms with more electrons than protons so have an overall negative charge

Question 12

Relative isotopic mass?

Answer 12

the mass of an isotope relative to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12

Question 13

Relative Atomic Mass?

Answer 13

the weighted mean mass of an atom of an element relative to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12.
(% x Mass) + (% x Mass)/100

Question 14

What does a mass spectrometer do?

Answer 14

can be used to find the percentage abundances of the isotopes in a sample of a element experimentally

Question 15

How does a mass spectrometer work?

Answer 15

1. sample is placed in
2. the sample is vapourised and then ionised to form cations
3. the ions are accelerated - heavy ions move more slowly and are more difficult to deflect so the ions of each isotope are seperated.
4. the ions are detected on a mass spectrum as a mass-to-charge ratio. Each ion adds a signal so the greater teh abundance, the larger the signal

Question 16

Binary compound?

Answer 16

contains two elements only

Question 17

Polyatomic compound?

Answer 17

contain atoms of more than one element bonded together