Chapter 2 and 3 Flashcards
What are axon?
Long fibres that extend from nerve cells and carry messages over long distances
What is bacteria?
Very simple unicellular organisms that lack a nucleus and other organelles
What is benign?
Benign describes a tumour that is not able to spread to their parts of the body
What is a binocular microscope?
A light microscope that has two ocular lenses
What is cancer?
Uncontrolled growth of Cells
What is cell culture?
When cells are grown separately from organisms in the laboratory
What does multicellular mean?
Consisting of many cells
What are palisade cells for?
Photosynthesis
What are ciliates cells for?
Stopping lung damage
Why are nerve cells so long?
D
Where are egg cells found?
In the ovaries
What is a palisade cell specialised to do?
Photosynthesis
Why does a root hair cell have a thin wall?
To make it easy for minerals to pass through
What are the hairs in a ciliates cell known as?
Cilia
What is a sperm cell designed to do?
Fertilise an egg cell
How are red blood cells different from other cells?
They have no nucleus
What is a cell membrane?
The ‘skin’ that holds the cell together; it controls what comes into and leaves the cell
What are Cells ?
The building blocks of all living things
What is cell theory?
The idea that all living things are made up of one or more cells that come from existing cells
What is a cell wall?
A rigid layer on the outside of a plant cell; provides the skeleton of a plant
What is chemotherapy?
The use of drugs to destroy cancer cells
What is chlorophyll?
The green chemical in chloroplasts that traps the suns energy for photosynthesis
What is a chloroplast?
An organelle within the cell where photosynthesis takes place
What is connective tissue?
A type of tissue that adds support and structure to the body, e.g. Fat, bone, cartilage, tendon and ligament
What is cytoplasm?
A watery, jelly-like mixture that contains many smaller parts, where the work of the cell takes place
What does dissecting mean?
Cutting apart a dead plant or animal to study it
What is an electron microscope?
A type of microscope that uses beams of electrons to magnify up to a million times. There are two types:
- transmission electron microscopes (TEM)
- scanning electron microscopes (SEM)
What are Endoplasmic reticulum
Pathways along which materials move through a cell
What is epidermis?
Epithelial tissue forming the outermost layer of the skin
What is epithelial tissue?
Tissue that covers other tissues and organs
What is field of view?
The amount of the specimen seen through a microscope
What are guard cells?
Cells that work in pairs to open and close the stotama
What is the image?
What is seen using the microscope
What is a light microscope?
A microscope that uses light to reveal the image
What are lysosomes?
Organelles that get rid of wastes from cells
What is magnification?
The amount by which the image is magnified (made bigger) compared to the real object (specimen)
What does magnified mean?
Made bigger
What is malignant?
Describes a tumour whose cells can break away and spread to other parts of the body
What is a micrometre?
One thousandth of a millimetre, or one millionth of a metre
What is a microscope?
An instrument used to make very small things look bigger
What is the mitochondria?
The powerhouses of the cell, where the energy is released from food
What is mitosis?
Cell division that produces two identical cells
What is a monocular microscope?
A light microscope that has only one ocular lens
What are multicellular organisms?
Living things made of more than one cells
What is muscle tissue?
Specialised tissue that can contract
What are nerve cells?
Cells that carry information in the body
What is nerve tissue?
Many nerve cells grouped togather
What is a nucleus?
The control centre of a cell
What is an objective lens?
The lens of the microscope closest to the stage
What is an ocular lens?
The lens of the microscope closest to your eye, also known as the eyepiece
What is an organ?
A structure that contains at least two different types of tissues that work together to complete a task
What are the seven processes of life?
Movement Respiration Sensitivity Growth Reproduction Excretion Nutrition
In which way are muscle cells are able to move?
They are able to decrease their length
How do sperm cells swim?
By lashing their tails
What is it called when energy is released from food?
Respiration
What do responses do?
Help protect the body from energy
When you see a luscious cream cake covered with strawberries what will you do?
Start to Salivate
How do you calculate the magnification of a microscope?
You multiply the Ocular lens Magnification by the objective lens magnification
