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Science Year 8 > Chapter 2 and 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 and 3 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are axon?

A

Long fibres that extend from nerve cells and carry messages over long distances

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2
Q

What is bacteria?

A

Very simple unicellular organisms that lack a nucleus and other organelles

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3
Q

What is benign?

A

Benign describes a tumour that is not able to spread to their parts of the body

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4
Q

What is a binocular microscope?

A

A light microscope that has two ocular lenses

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5
Q

What is cancer?

A

Uncontrolled growth of Cells

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6
Q

What is cell culture?

A

When cells are grown separately from organisms in the laboratory

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7
Q

What does multicellular mean?

A

Consisting of many cells

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8
Q

What are palisade cells for?

A

Photosynthesis

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9
Q

What are ciliates cells for?

A

Stopping lung damage

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10
Q

Why are nerve cells so long?

A

D

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11
Q

Where are egg cells found?

A

In the ovaries

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12
Q

What is a palisade cell specialised to do?

A

Photosynthesis

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13
Q

Why does a root hair cell have a thin wall?

A

To make it easy for minerals to pass through

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14
Q

What are the hairs in a ciliates cell known as?

A

Cilia

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15
Q

What is a sperm cell designed to do?

A

Fertilise an egg cell

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16
Q

How are red blood cells different from other cells?

A

They have no nucleus

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17
Q

What is a cell membrane?

A

The ‘skin’ that holds the cell together; it controls what comes into and leaves the cell

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18
Q

What are Cells ?

A

The building blocks of all living things

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19
Q

What is cell theory?

A

The idea that all living things are made up of one or more cells that come from existing cells

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20
Q

What is a cell wall?

A

A rigid layer on the outside of a plant cell; provides the skeleton of a plant

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21
Q

What is chemotherapy?

A

The use of drugs to destroy cancer cells

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22
Q

What is chlorophyll?

A

The green chemical in chloroplasts that traps the suns energy for photosynthesis

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23
Q

What is a chloroplast?

A

An organelle within the cell where photosynthesis takes place

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24
Q

What is connective tissue?

A

A type of tissue that adds support and structure to the body, e.g. Fat, bone, cartilage, tendon and ligament

25
Q

What is cytoplasm?

A

A watery, jelly-like mixture that contains many smaller parts, where the work of the cell takes place

26
Q

What does dissecting mean?

A

Cutting apart a dead plant or animal to study it

27
Q

What is an electron microscope?

A

A type of microscope that uses beams of electrons to magnify up to a million times. There are two types:

  • transmission electron microscopes (TEM)
  • scanning electron microscopes (SEM)
28
Q

What are Endoplasmic reticulum

A

Pathways along which materials move through a cell

29
Q

What is epidermis?

A

Epithelial tissue forming the outermost layer of the skin

30
Q

What is epithelial tissue?

A

Tissue that covers other tissues and organs

31
Q

What is field of view?

A

The amount of the specimen seen through a microscope

32
Q

What are guard cells?

A

Cells that work in pairs to open and close the stotama

33
Q

What is the image?

A

What is seen using the microscope

34
Q

What is a light microscope?

A

A microscope that uses light to reveal the image

35
Q

What are lysosomes?

A

Organelles that get rid of wastes from cells

36
Q

What is magnification?

A

The amount by which the image is magnified (made bigger) compared to the real object (specimen)

37
Q

What does magnified mean?

A

Made bigger

38
Q

What is malignant?

A

Describes a tumour whose cells can break away and spread to other parts of the body

39
Q

What is a micrometre?

A

One thousandth of a millimetre, or one millionth of a metre

40
Q

What is a microscope?

A

An instrument used to make very small things look bigger

41
Q

What is the mitochondria?

A

The powerhouses of the cell, where the energy is released from food

42
Q

What is mitosis?

A

Cell division that produces two identical cells

43
Q

What is a monocular microscope?

A

A light microscope that has only one ocular lens

44
Q

What are multicellular organisms?

A

Living things made of more than one cells

45
Q

What is muscle tissue?

A

Specialised tissue that can contract

46
Q

What are nerve cells?

A

Cells that carry information in the body

47
Q

What is nerve tissue?

A

Many nerve cells grouped togather

48
Q

What is a nucleus?

A

The control centre of a cell

49
Q

What is an objective lens?

A

The lens of the microscope closest to the stage

50
Q

What is an ocular lens?

A

The lens of the microscope closest to your eye, also known as the eyepiece

51
Q

What is an organ?

A

A structure that contains at least two different types of tissues that work together to complete a task

52
Q

What are the seven processes of life?

A 
Movement
Respiration 
Sensitivity 
Growth
Reproduction 
Excretion 
Nutrition
53
Q

In which way are muscle cells are able to move?

A

They are able to decrease their length

54
Q

How do sperm cells swim?

A

By lashing their tails

55
Q

What is it called when energy is released from food?

A

Respiration

56
Q

What do responses do?

A

Help protect the body from energy

57
Q

When you see a luscious cream cake covered with strawberries what will you do?

A

Start to Salivate

58
Q

How do you calculate the magnification of a microscope?

A

You multiply the Ocular lens Magnification by the objective lens magnification

Science Year 8 (14 decks)

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