Chapter 2

Question 1

Behavior therapy

Answer 1

Changing or controlling overt/Observable behaviors

Question 2

Pelebene alter??

Answer 2

Roman: believed human behavior was controlled by the gods. Dionysus

Concerned about excess drinking, how to stop people who abuse alcohol.
(First understand how people drink, explaining most important aspect of psychology since it leads to a theory and once you have a theory it is easier to find how to change/control behavior)

Question 3

Functional analysis of behavior

Answer 3

Done by cognitive therapists (such as people who work w/ autism)
Tells us when and why people drink

Question 4

When/Why do you/people drink?

Functional analysis

Answer 4

Behavior —> effect or consequences
Drinking —-> adds effects (pleasant flavor)
Pleasant consequences
Loquaciousness/talkative
Self-confidence
Sense of belonging
Removed:
Anxiety (central nervous depressant)
Problems are forgot

Question 5

Functional analysis on drinking

Answer 5

Tells us when people drink and why.
Had effects or consequences
1) Produces pleasant consequences
Humans seek pleasure
2) Also removes unpleasantness
Humans avoid pain (anxiety, stress)

Question 6

Plébéiens

Answer 6

How to stop people from overt drinking?

Produce unpleasant consequences
Putrefied spiders in drink
Also did fermentation
(Forfather behavior therapy)
Antabuse-- given to people who have problems with alcohol-- combination produces horrible taste
Aversion to good that made you sick

Question 7

John locke

Answer 7

British philosopher
Born with a blank slate—we don’t have any ideas
Accumulate experiences which creta personality. Environment teaches behaviors

Question 8

Wild boy of Aveyron, 1800

Answer 8

John-marc Itard- turn wild boy into civilized human
France, book
Forbidden experiment– would not put boy in initial conditions (sent to wild) on purpose

Developed techniques try to teach him to talk and eat and walk like we do, dress. Had a lot of challenges

Question 9

Little girl in one bedroom. Genie, the secret of

Answer 9

Assigned to specialist to try to help her overcome such brutal environment. Had strange walk, couldn’t speak. Would hoard water and food

Question 10

Maria Montessori

Answer 10

Used teaching techniques for viktor and genie

Question 11

Alexander maconochie, 1840

Answer 11

North pole island. Supervise island near Australia
Developed system to control prisoners behavior
When they were appropriate/disciplined they would get a good mark then get more rights

Question 12

Token economy

Answer 12

Behavior technique used in insane hospitals, late 1950’s

Probation
Special education
Earning tokens and then cash them in for something

Question 13

Ivan pavlov

Answer 13

Nobel in physiology
Ended up studying a psychological processes
Pavlovian conditioning, classical conditioning

Question 14

I’ve me a baby and I can turn him into any kind of man

The driving force of society is not love but fear

Answer 14

John B. Watson— behaviorism 1913– emotions unnecessary?

Relates to what philosophy?
Experimented on babies, at john hopkins. Checked reflexes
Babies have almost no fears but do have certain natural adversions. Not born afraid of dark.
“Little albert”
Political and social engineering for 20th century

Question 15

Mary cover jones, 1924

Answer 15

Counter conditioning with something kid liked

Question 16

E. Thorndike, 1898, “Law of effect”

Answer 16

Cat inside box. Have to find way out by pressing lever. Can a cat learn to get out of the box?

Question 17

B.F. Skinner, 1930’s

Answer 17

Worked with rags and pigeons

Skinners box, press lever get treat

Question 18

Willie mac and hobart mowrer, 1935

Answer 18

Solve an unsolvable problem.
Invent machine to help kids stop setting their bed
Bed wetting alarm, 1938, Enuresis

Question 19

Systematic desensitization

Answer 19

Client step by step systematically desensitized to certain stimuli (from a feared object.)
Joseph wolpe
1950’s used edmund

Edmund jacobson
Physician, m.d
Studied relaxation, how body reacts under stress

Question 20

Eric haughton & teodoro Allyon, late 1960’s

Answer 20

Working I psychiatric hospitals. Had patients who didn’t do much of anything. Just lay in bed.

Cna they Develop effective techniques to change these behaviors?

Knew of thorndike and skinners work (other behaviorists)
Little by little instituted some principles in which the lady was motivated to get out of the bed, walk and hold a broom.

Psychologist and clinical physiatrist believed and used freud’s therapy. (Psychoanalytic theory)

Question 21

Albert bandura, 1960’s

Answer 21

Bobo the doll, stanford.
Agreed with pavolv about classical conditioning, and skinner w/ reinforcemen
can we teach kids to engage in a new behavior by just observing somebody else?

Social learning or observational learning

Question 22

1st generation therapies

Answer 22

1950's-1960's to change overt behavior, that involve reinforcement and punishment
Towing economies
Used for effective Parenting training
Exposure therapy. (classical conditioning)
Pavlov
Thorndike
Skinner
Watson

Question 23

Application of behavioral therapy. BT

Answer 23

People w/:
In industry; organization beha mod/man
Developmental disabilities: people who engage in self-injurious & agression
Mental disorders in institutions: w/ chronic patients to help them socialize. Increase socialization, reduce aggression
Daily living skills: dressing taking baths
Education & Special ed: teaching methods
Hyperactivity
Rehabilitation-brain damage: physical therapy to reduce chronic pain, to recover language skills/thinking/memory
In communties: Reducing littering, drug use. Increase seat belt

Question 24

Bla

Answer 24

Noah book