Chapter 2

Question 1

DRIs

Answer 1

• applies to healthy people in Canada and US

- daily recommended intake

Question 2

4 DRIS

Answer 2

• estimated average requirement (EAR)
• recommended dietary intake (RDA)
• adequate intake (AI)
  tolerable upper intake level (UI)
• must have at least one of first 3 and some of 4

Question 3

requirement

Answer 3

• lowest continuing intake level of a nutrient will maintain a defined level of nutriture in an individual

Question 4

ear

Answer 4

• estimated required intake
• amount that meets requirements of 50% of people in a life stage and gender group (average = 50)
• need to include enough so that all people eating food get nutrients
• summer camp

Question 5

rda

Answer 5

• recommended dietary allowance
• meets needs of most people in a life stage and gender group
• nutrient needs of 97-98% of pop

Question 6

ai

Answer 6

• adequate intake

- target intake level of a nutrient based on estimated dietary intake

Question 7

ul

Answer 7

• tolerable upper intake leel

- intake above ul can be harmful

Question 8

ul vs rda

Answer 8

• harm vs need

- ul based on evidence of harm rather than nutritional need

Question 9

eer

Answer 9

• estimated energy requirement

- energy intake needed for energy balance

Question 10

amdr

Answer 10

• acceptable macronutrient distribution range
• fat, carbs, protein
• provides guidance for recommended intakes of macronutrients to reduce chronic disease risk
• range for each energy source
• carb: 45-60%
• protein: 10-35%
• fat: 20-35%

Question 11

nutrient recommendation history

Answer 11

• 1860s: british government made first nutrient recommendations
  today: world health organization makes international recommendations
• canada makes nutritional and health recommendations for its citizans in eating well with canada’s food guide

Question 12

canadas food guide

Answer 12

• new one this year
• new: different kinds of food, micros from different sources
• whole grains, fruits and veggies, half of intake, variety of protein sources
• vareity of healthy sources, eat protien foods, choose whole grains, drink water
• old: 4 categories of food, includes serving recommendations

Question 13

good info from old

Answer 13

• analysis of diets

- how much is 1 serving - estimation of portion sizes

Question 14

guide for indigenous people

Answer 14

• this year came out in various indigenous languages
• based on traditions, values, food choices of indigenous
• store bought and traditional foods
• use languages that would benefit regular guide - respect your body

Question 15

nutritional labelling changes

Answer 15

• with new guide labels change too
• make things easier to compare between items
• standardize better
• new labels have more important micros

Question 16

food labels

Answer 16

• mandatory info:
• statement of identity
• net contents of package
• list of ingredients
• nutrition info
• date by which product should be sold

Question 17

% daily value

Answer 17

• % of daily standard called % daily value
  developed for food labels
• based on nutritional needs consuming 2000kcal per day
• can compare % daily value between products

Question 18

types of carbs

Answer 18

starch, fiber, sugar

Question 19

food health claims

Answer 19

• health claims may appear on label s
• disease risk reduction
• nutrient function
• food labelling is regulated by canadian food inspection agency

Question 20

which foods require a label

Answer 20

• nearly all packaged foods and processed meat products

- any food with health claim

Question 21

which foods dont require a label

Answer 21

• fresh fruit, veggies, raw single ingredient meal, poultry, fish
• food for immediate consumption
• ready to eat food not for immediate consumption but prepared on site
• medical foods
• bulk foods
• food with very few nutrients - dicey area
• foods produced by small businesses - dicey area
• foods packaged in small containers

Question 22

food claims

Answer 22

• cat sell food that is misleading
• claims can play on lack of consumer knowledge
• ex. 100% deliciously fat free is unacceptable but can say delicious and 100% fat free
• highlights nutrition feature in food
• free, low, less, more, reduced, lowered, very high, light/lite, source of
• all regulated

Question 23

health products

Answer 23

• vitamin and mineral supplement
• natural health products
• herbal remedies
• traditional remedies
• homeopathic products

Question 24

homeopathic products

Answer 24

• controversial bc no scientific evidence, just theories behind it

Question 25

health product labels must include

Answer 25

• product name
• product license holder
• natural product number (NPS) and homeopathic number (DIM-HM)
• medicinal and non medicinal ingreadients
• dosage form
• recommended use or purpose
• risk inforation

Question 26

nutritional assessments

Answer 26

• determine if intake is healthy - could look healthy but not necesarily
• if at risk for chronic diseases

Question 27

ways dietary intake can be assessed

Answer 27

• 24h recall
• food diary or food intake record
• food frequency questionnaire
• diet history
• direct measurement

Question 28

canadian healthy eating index

Answer 28

• chei scores diet by measuring quality of dietary pattern accordign to eating well with canadas food guide
• if you have score of 100 you meet servings for all groups
• average score is 58.8%