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BMSC 200 > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Maximal Attraction

A

The distance b/w atoms that is ideal

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2
Q

In regards to pH levels, who dissolves better in water?

A

Stronger Acids/Bases

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3
Q

What is the goal of a weak acid?

A

To donate its proton

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4
Q

2 main characteristics that make functional groups polar

A

Hydrogen bonding

Permanent Dipole

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5
Q

What is Polywater?

A

Water with higher boiling point, freezing point and higher viscosity

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6
Q

How many H-bonds can Water donate and accept?

A

2 (4 in total)

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7
Q

Hydrophobic Effect

Non-Polar Groups want

A

drive formation of Higher order structures away from water

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8
Q

Electrostatic interactions can be what?

A

Attractive or repulsive

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9
Q

How many H-Bonds will one water molecule form?

A

3 1/2

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10
Q

Hydrophilic

A

Water loving

Polar

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11
Q

Hydrophobic Interactions

A

Forces the hold of non-polar regions together

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12
Q

Why is water “active”?

A

Participates in many biomolecule reactions

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13
Q

What is an electrostatic interaction?

A

Has both a donor and acceptor

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14
Q

Van der Waals

A
  • Induced dipoles b/w atoms

- Consequence of their interactions with other atoms

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15
Q

Non-covalent interactions enable what?

A

Transient, dynamic interactions

Felxibility of structure

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16
Q

What does strength depend on?

A

Its geometry

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17
Q

What does the dipole of water influence?

A

Forms electrostatic interactions with charged molecule

Form Hydrogen bonds

18
Q

Heat vaporization

A

Amount of heat required to vaporize a liquid

19
Q

What results in an increase of entropy?

A

Release of ordered water molecules

20
Q

What does it mean when a molecule has a greater number of H-Bonds?

A

Higher heat capacity and higher heat of vaporization

21
Q

Non-Covalent interactions within biomolecules include

A

Hydrogen bonds
Ionic (electrostatic) interactions
Hydrophobic interactions
Van der Waals interactions

22
Q

Which molecule is more Electronegative?

A

Oxygen because it has a permanent dipole

23
Q

How are interaction between biomolecules determined?

A

Non-covalent interactions

24
Q

What does the solubility of water depend on?

A

The ratio of polar to non-polar groups

25
Q

Why can a weaker H-Bond could be better?

A

Because of it’s flexibility but it depends on its biological goal

26
Q

Hydrogen bonds are an example of what?

A

Electrostatic interactions

27
Q

Why does Adenine and Tymine bond together?

A

Its H-Bonding capabilities
Adenine is an acceptor
Thymine is a donor

28
Q

Amphipathic

A

Contain both Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic portions

29
Q

What does the Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation describe?

A

Relationship between
pH of solution
pka of the weak acid
The relative concentration of the weak acid

30
Q

Specific Heat Capacity

A

Heat required to raise the temp of a substance by one degree

31
Q

What are H-Bonds critical for?

A

Interactions but not the formation of structures

32
Q

When does a solution best resist changes in pH?

A

pH=pka

33
Q

Hydrophobic Effect

Polar Groups want

A

To create structures that optomize chance of interactions w/ water

34
Q

Functional Groups w/ H-bonding capacity will form bonds with what?

A

Water molecules
Intramolecular
Intermolecular

35
Q

Non-Covalent forces influence what?

A

Formation and stabilization of structures
Recognition/Interactions b/w biomolecules
Binding of reactants to enzymes

36
Q

Packing Interactions

A

Atoms have personal space that they want to respect

Want to be close but not too close

37
Q

Hydrophobic

A

Water Fearing

Non-polar

38
Q

How do Oxygen and Hydrogen differ?

A

Electronegativity

39
Q

How does a molecule have the greatest chance of solubility of water?

A

Has a positive or negative charge and/or has H-Bonding capabilities

40
Q

Why is water “passive”?

A

Structure forms in response to interaction with water

BMSC 200 (6 decks)

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