Chapter 2

Question 1

Differentiation

Answer 1

The generation of specialized cell types. It ceases to divide and It has committed to it’s function.

Question 2

commitment

Answer 2

When a cell has decided that its going to differentiate but hasn’t yet.
The moment when a cell has all of the peaces to come a specialized cell. 2 stages

Question 3

Specification

Answer 3

The fate of a cell or tissue is said to be specified when It is capable of differentiating autonomously when placed in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway.

Question 4

Determination

Answer 4

The fate of a cell is specified, capable of differentiating autonomously even put with other cells.

Question 5

Morphogenetic Determinates

Answer 5

Maternal factors that are used to tell cells what to turn into.

Question 6

Autonomous Specification

Answer 6

Cell knows what to become without having to interact with other cells

Question 7

Syncytial

Answer 7

A cytoplasm that contains many nuclei pg.41

Question 8

Methyladed

Answer 8

Condensed DNA by wrapping around histones. No transcription can happen

Question 9

Acetylated

Answer 9

Open DNA=Not wrapped around histones= transcription can happen

Question 10

Heterochromatin

Answer 10

Condensed DNA

Question 11

Euchromatin

Answer 11

Open DNA

Question 12

Alternative splicing

Answer 12

cutting of nRNA processing at different points

Question 13

iPSC

Answer 13

Induced pluripotent stem cells

Question 14

Yamanaka Factors

Answer 14

4 Transcription factors to make iPSCs from fibroblasts

Question 15

Transdifferentiation

Answer 15

one tissue type into another