Chapter 2 Flashcards
As size of atom increases, acidity ______
increases
a Low pKa value indicates ____ acidity, while a low Ka value indicates _____ acidity
high
low
Inductive effects
An inductive effect is the pull of electron density through delta bondas caused by electronegativity differences in atoms.
The more an atom is stabilized, more ____ it is.
stabilized
Which is more acidic?
CH3CH2O-H
CF3CH2O-H
Which effect is responsible for this?
CF3CH2O-H
because the F3 stabilizes the molecule.
In the first molecule, all the electron density is stuck in O
electron withdrawing inductive effect
The more electronegative the atom and the closer it is to the site of the negative charge, the (greater/lesser) the stabilizing effect which leads to (greater/lesser) acidity
greater
greater
Resonance Effects (increase/decrease) acidity
increase
Why is acetic acid stronger than ethanal acid
Because acetic acid has resonance on the COOH
Resonance delocalization makes CH3COO- (more/less) stables
more
High s character % =
higher stability and acidity
Which is the strongest acid?
A: CH3CH3
B: CH2=CH2
C: H-C=-C-H
C. Because of the triple bond. It increases S-character
Rank these hybridization types in order of increasing acidity
sp2, sp3, sp
sp3
Elemental trend on acidity:
Acidity increases as move to the right and to the bottom of the periodic table.
Inductive effects on acidity
The acidity of H-A increases with the presence of election-withdrawing groups in A
Resonance effects on acidity:
The Acidity of H-A increases when the conjugate base A- is resonance stabilized
