Chapter 2 Flashcards
Corporate communities
Colonial settlements a stab list for economic or financial purposes by various companies. Although usually chartered by the crown, their Remote circumstances helped foster the idea and practice of self-governance.
Christopher Columbus.
1451-1506
Genoese Marriner who discovered the Americas while searching for a new trade route to India
Indentured servitude
Land owners would pay the passage of those willing to come to the colonies in exchange for an agreed-upon terms of service, after which the indentured servant was released from his obligation and was then for you to seek his own fortune.
Covenant communities
Settlements based on religious or moral values, mostly interested in being an example to Europe or living according to their own moral liberty.
Pilgrims
Small congregation of separatists seeking to distance themselves, physically and spiritually, from the church of England by emerging to new England.
Robert Brown
1552 1630, writer and proponent of the separatist movement that demanded separation from the church of England. His writings inspired groups such as the pilgrims to emigrate to America for religious freedom.
Puritans
British religious emigrants Who wanted to reform the church of England rather then sever all ties with it; their beliefs in the Christian calling, moral self-governance, and in being God’s elect would help shape the founding and American national character.
John Calvin
1509 1564
John Calvin was a French theologian during the Protestant Reformation who greatly influenced Puritan beliefs. He taught it is the Bible was the final authority for matters of faith and that salvation came through grays only, not works. He also taught the doctrine of predestination.
God’s elect
From John Calvin’s predestination theology, the doctor in that God has already chosen those who will be saved. These elect people are to build a holy community as an example.
The Christian calling
From the theology of John Calvin – people should pursue a calling in some sort of worldly work where they are to rise early in the morning, work hard, save their money, and invested wisely. Prosperity indicates God’s approval.
Moral self-governance
Puritan ideal that all must live a righteous life largely on their own, with each man being responsible for his own actions and those of his family – with an eye on his neighbor as well.
John Winthrop
1587 until 1649. John Winthrop was elected governor of the Massachusetts Bay colony before their departure from England and reelected many times. He is known for his sermon “a model of Christian charity” in which he stated that Puritan colony would be a city upon a hill.
City on a hill
Biblical ideal, invoked by John Winthrop, of a society governed by civil liberty, where people did only that which was just an good, that would be an example to the world.
Natural liberty
Where men are free to do what they please, without regard for the moral value of their actions.
Civil liberty
According to John Winthrop, “where men were free to do only that which is good, just, and honest”
