Chapter 2 Flashcards
Define aesthetics and explain why aesthetic appreciation has found a low place in the hierarchy of American education.
According to Knight, “Aesthetics is the realm of value that searches for the principles governing the creation and appreciation of beauty and art.” Aesthetics is how we perceive art and the value we place on art. Aesthetics can also determine how we view the world around us and is directly related to our philosophy. Unfortunately our society has placed less of an emphasis on art. Our culture is more concerned with subjects that will help us advance. To many art will not help us advance and therefore has no purpose or value.
What are the cosmological aspects of metaphysics?
How did the universe originate and develop?
Is there a purpose toward which the universe is trending?
What is the theological aspect of metaphysics?
Is there a God? If so, what are the attributes of God?
What are the anthropological aspects of metaphysics?
Are people born good, evil or neutral?
Do people have free will?
What is anthropology?
Study of human beings?
What is ontology?
Study of nature of existence
What is the ontological aspect of metaphysics?
What it means for anything to be
Why do Christian schools exist
The metaphysics belief regarding the nature of ultimate reality, the existence of God, the role of God in human affairs, and the nature and role of human beings
What is the anthropological aspect of Christian education?
Educators deal with malleable human beings at one of the most impressionable stages of their lives.
What are two important anthropological questions for Christian educators?
Are children naturally sinful or naturally good?
Are children made in God’s image?
What does epistemology seek to answer?
“What is true” and “how do we know?”
What are key questions to epistemology?
Can reality be known?
Is truth relative or absolute?
Is knowledge subjective or objective?
Is there truth independent of human experience
What does skepticism claim about reality?
It is impossible to gain knowledge and that any search for truth is vain
What are the two types of knowledge?
Priori, posteriori
What is priori knowledge?
Truth that is built into the fabric of reality.
It is true whether any human knows and accepts it or not.
It exists prior to the human experience and is independent of human awareness
What is posteriori knowledge?
Truth that depends upon human experience of it and dependent on human awareness
What is a question that deals with the subjectivity or objectivity like of knowledge?
How do we obtain knowledge
What are some sources of knowledge
Senses Revelation Authority Reason Intuition
What is empiricism?
The view that knowledge is obtained through the senses
Describe sensory knowledge
It is built upon assumptions that must be accepted by faith in the dependability of our senses.
Describe revelation as a source of knowledge
God’s communication concerning his divine will
Truth gained is absolute and uncontaminated
Accepted by faith
Why is knowledge obtained from authority accepted as truth?
It comes from experts or long-standing tradition
What is the central factor in rationalism?
Reasoning, thought, or logic
What is intuition?
Apprehension of knowledge based on feeling or conviction; insight
How should the various sources of knowledge should be seen?
As a complementary relationship
What is the Biblical Christianity view of revelation?
Revelation (Scriptures) provides the basic framework within which other sources of know,edge must be tested.
How does epistemology affect education
belief in the importance of various sources of knowledge will certainly be reflected in curricular emphases
Christian schools should have a curriculum based on what?
The Bible
What is the metaphysical-epistemological dilemma
We cannot make statements of reality without having a theory for arriving at truth; and on the other hand, a theory of truth cannot be developed without first having a concept of reality.
The metaphysical-epistemological dilemma tells us that all people do what?
Live by faith in the basic beliefs they have chosen
Axiology seeks to answer what question?
What is of value?
What determines different systems of value?
Different positions on metaphysics and epistemology
What do the different values create?
Different preferences
What does the question of values deal with?
Notions of what a person or a society conceives of as being good or preferable
What is a major aspect of education?
The development of preferences
The classroom is a venue in which teachers cannot hide what?
Their moral selves
A teacher’s actions constantly do what?
Instruct groups of highly impressionable young people to imitate their teacher’s values
What is ethics
The study of morals and conduct
What 2 questions does ethics seek to answer?
What should I do?
What is good conduct?
While ethical conceptions always enter the classroom?
Yes
What is the status quo today?
The skeptic
Who must make an effort to prove what is right?
Person of values
Education must create what?
Goals
What do goals presuppose?
A worldview or philosophical viewpoint that involves a set of beliefs in the nature of reality, essence of truth, and a basis for forming values
What is the foundation of educational practice?
Philosophy
Why are Christian schools formed?
To establish a different set of philosophical foundations and educational boundaries than those of the larger culture
What is the challenge for Christian educators?
To select and develop educational practices that harmonize with their beliefs and are feasible within the social, political, and economic context
