Chapter 2 Flashcards
___-_____ fertilization is a procedure in which an egg is fertilized by sperm in a laboratory dish and then placed in the mother’s uterus.
in-vitro
The first _____ pairs of chromosomes are called autosomal chromosomes.
22
An individual’s physical, behavioral, and psychological features are known as one’s _________
phenotype
The complete set of genes that makes up a person’s heredity is called a ________.
genotype
When alleles in a chromosome pair are identical, they are said to be ________.
homozygous
Individuals with an allele for ____ _____ anemia are more ____ to malaria
sickle cell
immune
Farsightedness is a _____ phenotype over a _____ phenotype.
dominant
recessive
_____ ______ is characterized by excess mucus clogging the digestive and respiratory tracts.
Cystic Fibrosis
______ disease is associated with a progressive deterioration of the _____ system
Huntington’s
nervous
The extra 21st chromosome that causes ____ ______ is usually provided by the ______
down syndrome
mother
The incidence of Down syndrome increases as the _____ gets _____
mother
older
A female who is short, has limited development of secondary sex characteristics, and who has problems with spatial relations would have _____ _______
Turner’s syndrome
A female who has normal stature but delayed language and motor development would have ___ _____
XXX syndrome
A male has ____ ______, he is likeyl to be tall, passive, and have below-normal intelligence
xxy complement (klinefelter syndrome)
The branch of genetics that addresses the inheritance of behavioral and psychological traits is referred to as _____ genetics
beehavioral
Predicting behavior based on ______ is difficult as behavioral and psychological characteristics are not either/or cases.
phenotype
When phenotypes are caused by the combined effect of many separate genes, the pattern of inheritance is referred to as ______ inheritance
polygenetic
________ twins are identical twins and ______ twins are fraternal twins
monozygotic
dizygotic
Adoption studies tend to study mothers more often that fathers because ___ ____ __ ___ ___ __ ___ ____.
biological fathers are more difficult to track down
A potential flaw of twin studies is that parents may treat ____ _____ more similarly than they treat ____ _____.
identical twins
fraternal twins
Plomin and colleagues used an adoption study to investigate the influences of heredity on cognitive skills and found that ________________________________
____________________________
_____________.
children are more similar to their biological mother than to their adopted mother - hence a child’s cognitive skills are highly affected by genes.
The _________ coefficient estimates the extent to which ________ between people reflect heredity.
heredibility
differences
A child born with PKU means that ______ can accumulate and poison the nervous system.
phenylalanine
________ __________ refers to children deliberately seeking environments that fit their heredity
niche picking
The forces within a family that make children different from one another are referred to as ______ _______ influences
non shared
