Chapter 2

Question 1

___-_____ fertilization is a procedure in which an egg is fertilized by sperm in a laboratory dish and then placed in the mother’s uterus.

Answer 1

in-vitro

Question 2

The first _____ pairs of chromosomes are called autosomal chromosomes.

Answer 2

22

Question 3

An individual’s physical, behavioral, and psychological features are known as one’s _________

Answer 3

phenotype

Question 4

The complete set of genes that makes up a person’s heredity is called a ________.

Answer 4

genotype

Question 5

When alleles in a chromosome pair are identical, they are said to be ________.

Answer 5

homozygous

Question 6

Individuals with an allele for ____ _____ anemia are more ____ to malaria

Answer 6

sickle cell

immune

Question 7

Farsightedness is a _____ phenotype over a _____ phenotype.

Answer 7

dominant

recessive

Question 8

_____ ______ is characterized by excess mucus clogging the digestive and respiratory tracts.

Answer 8

Cystic Fibrosis

Question 9

______ disease is associated with a progressive deterioration of the _____ system

Answer 9

Huntington’s

nervous

Question 10

The extra 21st chromosome that causes ____ ______ is usually provided by the ______

Answer 10

down syndrome

mother

Question 11

The incidence of Down syndrome increases as the _____ gets _____

Answer 11

mother

older

Question 12

A female who is short, has limited development of secondary sex characteristics, and who has problems with spatial relations would have _____ _______

Answer 12

Turner’s syndrome

Question 13

A female who has normal stature but delayed language and motor development would have ___ _____

Answer 13

XXX syndrome

Question 14

A male has ____ ______, he is likeyl to be tall, passive, and have below-normal intelligence

Answer 14

xxy complement (klinefelter syndrome)

Question 15

The branch of genetics that addresses the inheritance of behavioral and psychological traits is referred to as _____ genetics

Answer 15

beehavioral

Question 16

Predicting behavior based on ______ is difficult as behavioral and psychological characteristics are not either/or cases.

Answer 16

phenotype

Question 17

When phenotypes are caused by the combined effect of many separate genes, the pattern of inheritance is referred to as ______ inheritance

Answer 17

polygenetic

Question 18

________ twins are identical twins and ______ twins are fraternal twins

Answer 18

monozygotic

dizygotic

Question 19

Adoption studies tend to study mothers more often that fathers because ___ ____ __ ___ ___ __ ___ ____.

Answer 19

biological fathers are more difficult to track down

Question 20

A potential flaw of twin studies is that parents may treat ____ _____ more similarly than they treat ____ _____.

Answer 20

identical twins

fraternal twins

Question 21

Plomin and colleagues used an adoption study to investigate the influences of heredity on cognitive skills and found that ________________________________
____________________________
_____________.

Answer 21

children are more similar to their biological mother than to their adopted mother - hence a child’s cognitive skills are highly affected by genes.

Question 22

The _________ coefficient estimates the extent to which ________ between people reflect heredity.

Answer 22

heredibility

differences

Question 23

A child born with PKU means that ______ can accumulate and poison the nervous system.

Answer 23

phenylalanine

Question 24

________ __________ refers to children deliberately seeking environments that fit their heredity

Answer 24

niche picking

Question 25

The forces within a family that make children different from one another are referred to as ______ _______ influences

Answer 25

non shared