Chapter 2 Flashcards
Where do all immune cells originate from? Where does this occur and what are the 2 main divisions
A pluripotent hematopoeitic stem cell, this occurs in the Bone Marrow.
Common Myeloid Proginator and Common Lymphoid proginator
What cell types arise from Myeloid Proginator and what is their main function?
GRANULOCYTES:
Neutrophils: secrete granules, most common
Eiosinophils: antiviral and anti parasitic activity
Basophils/Mast: allergic/inflammatory response
Monocytes: mature in to macrophages or dendritic cells that are our main APCs
Erythrocytes: carry O2 and CO2
Megakaryocytes: produce platelets that cause clots during cuts and wound healing
What cell types arise from Lymphoid Proginator and what are their main function?
Dendritics: most efficient APC
Natural Killer cells: may recognize cancerous or viral infected, or abnormal cells that are not detected by others. Induced by self activation. Literally Terminator
T cells: Cell mediated immunity, T Helper: Release cytokines that elevate the rate in which B cells and Tc Cells. Tc= cells ARE cell mediated immunity, they find the epitopes being presented in the infected cells via MHC I complex and form pores on the cell membrane and release granzymes to kill the infected cells
B-cells: can phagocytose and release antibodies, humoral immunity
What are the functions of Primary and Secondary lymphoid tissue? Give examples of each.
primary: Bone Marrow, Thymus where T and B cells are made or matured (t)
secondary: where lymphocytes encounter antigen, clonal expansion occurs, eg: lymph nodes, spleen, MALT`
What is the structure of Lymph Nodes and what is the purpose of its 3 regions?
encapsulated, connected to lymph vessels, has an afferent and efferent end where things flow in and out.
3 regions:
- cortex–> where B cells, macrophages, dendritic cells are
- paracortex–> t-cells and dendritic cells
- medulla–> plasma cells that make antibodies
