Chapter 2 Flashcards
multicultural counseling and therapy (MCT)
etic
culturally universal
emic
culturally specific
cultural relativism
focuses on the culture and on how the disorder manifested and treated within it
criticisms of western psychology
insensitive to the needs of cultural clients
clients tend to face microagressions in counseling
discriminatory practices that are deeply embedded
training on cultural competency is ignored
three dimensions of identity
individual level: uniqueness
group level: similarities and differences
universal level: Homo sapiens
group level
gender, age, geographic location, race, sexual orientation, etc.
people may belong to more than one identity
universal level
biological and physical similarities
common life experiences (birth, death, sadness, etc.)
self-awareness
the ability to use symbols, such as language
individual vs universal biases and why
our society is individualistic focused
psychology identifies facts explaining human behavior independently of the context it originates,
we have historically neglected the study of identity at the group level for sociopolitical and normative reasons
multicultural counseling and therapy (MCT)
defined as both a helping role and a process that uses modalities and defines goals consistent with the life experiences and cultural values of clients
recognizes client identities to include individual, group, and universal dimensions
advocates the use of universal and culture-specific strategies and roles in the healing process
balances the importance of individualist and collectivism in the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of client and client systems
helping role and process MCT
broadens the role counselors play and expands their skills
goals of culturally responsive counselors
- actively in the process of becoming aware of their own biases
- actively attempt to understand the worldview of their diverse clients
- practicing and developing culturally competent interventions and strategies for their clients
cultural competence
a lifelong process in which one works to develop the ability to engage in actions or create conditions that maximize the optimal development of client and client systems
multicultural counseling competence
aspirational and consists of counselors acquiring awareness, knowledge, and skills needed to function effectively in a divers society, and advocate for new theories, practices, and policies
three major domains of cultural competence
- attitudes/belief component
- knowledge component
- skills component
multicultural counseling orientation model (MCO)
cultural humility (most prominent)
cultural comfort
cultural opportunity
cultural humility
an openness to taking on diverse clients
considered very important to cultural clients
correlates with higher likelihood of continued treatment with them
relates to the strength of therapeutic alliance
related to perceived benefit and improvement of therapy
cultural comfort
therapists feeling at ease, calm, relaxed, and open to work with diverse clients
cultural opportunity
refers to markers that occur in therapy when clinical openings present themselves where client’s cultural beliefs can be explored
Multicultural and social justice counseling competencies (MSJCC) conceptual framework
quadrants (privilege and oppressed status)
domains (counselor self-awareness, client worldview, counseling relationships)
competencies (attitudes, beliefs, knowledge, skill, action)
quadrants (MSJCC) four major relationships between counselor and client
- a privileged counselor with oppressed client
- a privileged counselor with privileged client
- an oppressed counselor with a privileged client
- an oppressed counselor with an oppressed client
(can be used with race as well)
