Chapter 2 Flashcards
It is the approach to the study of psychopathology that holds psychological disorders as always being the products of multiple interacting causal factors. It has different perspectives/influences and here are some examples for each:
Multidimensional Model
Five types of influences in the Multidimensional Model
Behavioral Influences, Biological Influences, Emotional and Cognitive Influences, Social Influences, Developmental Influences
Some phobias are more common than others (such as fear of heights and snakes) and may have contributed to the survival of the species in the past, which suggests that phobias may be genetically prewired. This is evidence for which influence or influences? ______
(a) behavioral, (b) biological, (c) emotional, (d) social, and (e) developmental.
(b) biological
Jan’s husband, Jinx, was an unemployed jerk who spent his life chasing women other than his wife. Jan, happily divorced for years, cannot understand why the smell of Jinx’s brand of aftershave causes her to become nauseated. Which influence best explains her response? _____
a) behavioral
Nathan, age 16, finds it more difficult than his 7-year-old sister to adjust to his parents’ recent separation. This may be explained by what influences? _____
(e) developmental
A traumatic ride on a Ferris wheel at a young age was most likely to have been the initial cause of Jennifer’s fear of heights. Her strong emotional reaction to heights is likely to maintain or even increase her fear. The initial development of the phobia is likely a result of _____ influences; however, _____ influences are likely perpetuating the behavior
(a) behavioral, (c) emotional
The first 22 pairs of chromosomes
The first 22 pairs of chromosomes
How many chromosomes in a normal human cell? Arranged in how many pairs?
46, 23. One chromosome in each pair comes from the father and one from the mother.
the 23rd pair of chromosomes that determines an individual’s sex
sex chromosomes
Environmental events alone influence
the development of our behavior and personalities.
True or False
False.
There are a lot of factors that influence
the development of our behavior and personalities.
No individual genes have been identified
that cause any major psychological disorders
True
Movement, breathing, and sleeping depend on the
ancient part of the brain, which is present in most
animals. ______________
Brainstem
Which neurotransmitter binds to neuron receptor
sites, inhibiting postsynaptic activity and reducing
overall arousal? ______________
GABA
Which neurotransmitter is a switch that turns on
various brain circuits? ______________
Dopamine
Which neurotransmitter seems to be involved
in our emergency reactions or alarm responses?
___________
Norepinephrine
Which neurotransmitter is believed to influence the way we process information, as well as to moderate or
inhibit our behavior? ______________
Serotonin
More than 80% of the neurons in the human central nervous system are contained in this part of the brain, which gives us distinct qualities. ______________
Cerebral Cortex
This area is responsible for most of our memory, thinking, and reasoning capabilities and makes us social animals. ______________
Frontal lobe
