chapter 2

Question 1

saturated fatty acid

Answer 1

palmitic acid (16:0)

Question 2

Monounsaturated fatty acid MUFA

Answer 2

oleic acid (18:1n-9)

Question 3

Polyunsaturated fatty acids PUFA

Answer 3

linolenic acid (18:2n-6) [omega 6]
alpha linolenic acid (18:3n-3) [omega 3]

Question 4

which oil has the most 18:3n-3? alpha linolenic acid?

Answer 4

flaxseed

Question 5

essentail fatty acid deficency symptoms

Answer 5

1. scaly dermatitis
2. loss of water through skin

Question 6

role of fat in the diet

Answer 6

1. 9kcal , energy
2. provides essential f.a.
3. carries fat-soluble vitamins (ADEK)
4. tastes good ‘mouth-feel’

Question 7

what is ‘Emulsifaction’?

Answer 7

when bile breaks fat into smaller droplets so that it doesnt seperate out

liver makes bile
gallbladder stores the bile

Question 8

what do lipases do in the digestive system

Answer 8

they break the fatty acids of the glycerol backbone

lipase is secreted into small intestine by PANCREAS

Question 9

what happens when a fatty acid is <= 12carbons

Answer 9

it is absorbed directly into the bloodstream

Question 10

what happens when a fatty acid is >= 12carbons

Answer 10

reformation of triglycerid packaged into CHYLOMICRON -> also holds fat-sol VIts, and cholesterol. It goes theough the LYPHATIC system

will eventually enter bloodstream
does not go to the liver

Question 11

how can you lower blood cholesterol?

Answer 11

eat Fibre, binds to cholesterol and bile and takes it out the bum

since cholesterol makes bile, if it excess goes out the bum, production of more bile=less cholesterol

Question 12

VLDL

Answer 12

made in liver, carries fat, to adipose tissue

Question 13

LDL

Answer 13

‘bad cholestol’ when high amount, chol rich, should return to liver but doesnt if high

Question 14

HDL

Answer 14

protein rich, reverse cholesterol transport (picks up excess chol to take to liver for disposal)

Question 15

ToT blood cholesterol equation

Answer 15

ToT chol = LDL + HDL + VLDL