Chapter 2

Question 1

What section of government is primarily responsible for matters of health and local concern?

Answer 1

Provincial government

Question 2

Can a municipal government impose more strict regulations than a provincial governmnet?

Answer 2

No

Question 3

Can a regulation for CCC impose anything other than a fine against someone who contravenes the regulation?

Answer 3

Yes –> civil liability –> fines

Question 4

What would have to be proven to be successful in a lawsuit for damages from a cross connection?

Answer 4

Negligence

Question 5

What is the difference between a “professional” and “expert”?

Answer 5

Professional = they use skill / care of a resonably prudent / compentent member of their profession.
Expert = assumed to know all the relevant regulations / keep up with knowledge in the field. Has a higher degree of knowledge / responsibilities than a professional.

Question 6

Who might be held responsible through a “shotgun” lawsuit?

Answer 6

Owner
Plumbing contractor
Municipal inspector
Engineer
Water purveyor

Question 7

Why would a consulting engineer be more likely to be held liable for a cross connection incident than the contractor that installed the cross connection?

Answer 7

Engineers have a higher degree of skill = should have known of the hazard / taken adequate care to protect the plumbing system from contamination

Question 8

Is a plumbing inspector liable for any claims involving a cross connection they missed during inspection?

Answer 8

No, they do not have a detailed knowing if the piping system

Question 9

What has to be proven in order to establish a water purveyor’s liability?

Answer 9

Negligence / regulatory non - compliance

Question 10

If contamination should enter the water purveyor’s system / cause a problem, the purveyor can be seen as being what 3 entities? (STI)

Answer 10

1) supplier of goods
2) technical expert
3) Inspector

Question 11

If the purveyor’s system is installed improperly, they are also seen as being which entity?

Answer 11

Liability associated

Question 12

What has to be proven in a court of law in order to prove “negligence”?

Answer 12

1) there was damage
2) Nature of damage
3) Damage resulted from a specific person’s failure to satisfy their duty of care required by law

Question 13

What types of water tx were acknowledged by the Egyptians as far back as 3000 BC?

Answer 13

Boiling
filtration
distillation
clarification of water via coagulation

Question 14

What year did chlorine begin to be used as a method of making water safe to drink?

Answer 14

1834

Question 15

What mineral was used for large - scale softening of water in the early 1800’s?

Answer 15

Lime

Question 16

The OG sewers of Europe were intended to carry, what?

Answer 16

Storm water + underground drainage

Question 17

What development created problems for these same sewers?

Answer 17

Connecting the water closet to sewers –> contaminated drinking water

Question 18

Directly connecting water closets to the water mains established the first incidence of what we know as?

Answer 18

Contamination
Health hazard

Question 19

What could be the outcome if a cross connection cannot be eliminated?

Answer 19

C.C must be controlled by installing an appropriate backflow preventer

Question 20

The water supply can be a transmitter of?

Answer 20

Bacteria
Viruses
Algae
Fungi
Protozoa
Parasitic helminthes (worms)

Question 21

Name 5 types of hazards associated w/ cross connections (Crap B)

Answer 21

1) Chemical
2) Radiological
3) Physical
4) Aesthetic
5) Biological (?)

Question 22

What is meant by a “pure” physical hazard?

Question 23

What is meant by the term “aesthetic” hazard?

Answer 23

Water that is safe to drink but looks unpalatable or unsightly

Question 24

“Biological hazard” is another term for?

Answer 24

Contaminated water

Question 25

What is another name for “Giardiasis”?

Answer 25

Beaver Fever

Question 26

What is the general rule regarding the hazard classification of chemicals?

Answer 26

All chemicals are harmful unless proven otherwise