Chapter 2

Question 1

Reactions to stress that occur during a traumatic situation

Answer 1

Acute Stress Reactions

Question 2

Treatments that increase the risk for transmission of infections that are spread through the air or by droplets; CPR is an example

Answer 2

Aerosol-generating procedure

Question 3

The spread of an organism via droplets or dust

Answer 3

Airborne transmission

Question 4

Pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human blood and can cause disease in humans. These pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Answer 4

Bloodborne pathogens

Question 5

A combination of exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced performance resulting from long-term job stresses in health care and other high-stress professions

Answer 5

Burnout

Question 6

The primary federal agency that conducts and supports public health activities in the United States. The CDC is part of the US Department of Health and Human Services

Answer 6

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Question 7

A disease that can be spread from one person or species to another

Answer 7

Communicable Disease

Question 8

A stress disorder characterized by gradual lessening of compassion over time

Answer 8

Compassion fatigue

Question 9

The use of objects to limit a person’s ability to see you

Answer 9

Concealment

Question 10

The presence of infectious organisms on or in objects such as dressings, water, food, needles, wounds, or a patient’s body

Answer 10

Contamination

Question 11

The tactical use of an impenetrable barrier for protection

Answer 11

Cover

Question 12

A process that confronts the response to critical incidents and defuses them, directing the emergency services personnel toward physical and emotional equilibrium

Answer 12

Critical incident stress management (CISM)

Question 13

Prolonged or excessive stress

Answer 13

Cumulative stress reactions

Question 14

Reactions to stress that occur after a stressful situation

Answer 14

Delayed stress reactions

Question 15

The individual in the department who is charged with the responsibility of managing exposures and infection control issues

Answer 15

Designated officer

Question 16

Exposure or transmission of a communicable disease from one person to another by physical contact

Answer 16

Direct contact

Question 17

A negative response to a stressor

Answer 17

Distress

Question 18

A beneficial response to a stressor

Answer 18

Eustress

Question 19

A situation in which a person has had contact with blood, body fluids, tissues, or airborne particles in a manner that suggests disease transmission may occur

Answer 19

Exposure

Question 20

The contamination of food or water with an organism that can cause disease

Answer 20

Foodborne transmission

Question 21

The body’s response to stress that begins with an alarm response, followed by a stage of reaction and resistance, and then recovery or, if the stress is prolonged, exhaustion

Answer 21

General adaptation syndrome

Question 22

Inflammation of the liver, usually caused by a viral infection, that causes fever, loss of appetite, jaundice, fatigue, and altered liver function

Answer 22

Hepatitus

Question 23

The organism or individual that is attacked by the infecting agent

Answer 23

Host

Question 24

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by HIV which damages the cells in the body’s immune system so that the body is unstable to fight infection or certain cancers

Answer 24

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Question 25

The body's ability to protect itself from acquiring a disease

Answer 25

Immune

Question 26

Exposure or transmission of disease from one person to another by contact with a contaminated object

Answer 26

Indirect contact

Question 27

The abnormal invasion of a host or host issues by organisms such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites, with or without signs or symptoms of disease

Answer 27

Infection

Question 28

Procedures to reduce transmission of infection among patients and health care personnel

Answer 28

Infection control

Question 29

A medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small, harmful organisms within the body

Answer 29

Infectious disease

Question 30

The federal regulatory compliance agency that develops, publishes, and enforces guidelines concerning safety in the workplace

Answer 30

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

Question 31

A microorganism that is capable of causing disease in a susceptible host

Answer 31

Pathogen

Question 32

Protective equipment that blocks exposure to a pathogen or hazardous material

Answer 32

Personal protective equipment (PPE)

Question 33

A delayed stress reaction to a prior incident. Often the result of one or more unresolved issues concerning an incident, and may relate to an incident that involved physical harm, or the threat of physical harm

Answer 33

Posttraumatic stress disorder

Question 34

The capacity of an individual to cope with and recover from distress

Answer 34

Resilience

Question 35

Protective measures that have traditionally been developed by the CDC for use in dealing with objects, blood, body fluids, and other potential exposure risks of communicable disease.

Answer 35

Standard precautions

Question 36

The way in which an infectious disease is spread: contact, airborne, by vehicles, or by vectors

Answer 36

Transmission

Question 37

The use of an animal to spread an organism from one person or place to another

Answer 37

Vector-borne Transmission

Question 38

The active pursuit of a state of good health

Answer 38

Wellness