Chapter 2 Flashcards
What are the 3 core ethical principles that are relevant to research involving human subjects?
Respect for persons
Beneficence
Justice
When the nurse concludes that the patient does not have the cognitive status to make decision, what is the next step?
Provide protection
( patient advocate and )
What does autonomy mean?
The right to self determination
( or in another word, make there own decisions )
Generally patients can refuse any and all treatments ( right of autonomy ) however not when?
They pose a threat to others
( ex Tuberculosis )
What does informed consent mean?
Mutual sharing of information
Express respect for person
Gain patient involvement
Respect patient choices
When giving a written consent, what should the nurse make sure of?
The patient is alert and able to comprehended
Alert and oriented
At what grade level should we have written consent forms in?
8th grade level
What does beneficence mean?
Duty to protect research subjects from harm
“ to do good “
What does justice mean?
Fairness
In the preclinical trials, what are we trying to determine ? And what does that mean?
Genotoxicity
( the ability of a compound to change/damage our genetic information in a cell )
And absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion
How do you make an experiment, what do you need? Which two groups?
Explain them
Control and treatment
( nothing & treatment )
What is independent variable
What is dependent variable
Treatment ( Tylenol )
Outcome of that treatment
( no headache )
What is a placebo?
Fake treatment
What is the ANA code of ethics based on and by who?
Nurse ethical duty is to care for the patient
Florence nightingale
What does the federal legislation do?
Protect public from drugs that are impure, toxic and ineffective
Can a nurse prescribe or administer a drug without a providers order?
NO!!
What does chemical name mean?
Describes the drugs chemical structure
What does generic name mean?
Official name for drug not own by company
What is the brand ( trade ) mark name mean?
Drug own by company changed name to the company
Example of genetic and trade?
Genetic is lowercase & trade Capital letter first
ibuprofen -> Advil, Medipren, Motrin
Notes
The nurse should be educated on OTC drugs because of the many side effects, drug interactions and potential overdose
OTC = over the counter
How should the drug be written in? (6)
Active ingredients
Purpose of product
Uses ( indications )
Specific warnings
Dosage instructions
Inactive ingredients
What are the 1-3 phases of human research?
New drug is tested
- Small group
- Increase group
- increase group again
What is phase 4 of study on human?
Drug is now available to public
We see aftermarket study
( side effects, benefit )
