Chapter 2

Question 1

What are elements?

Answer 1

Can not be broken down into anything else

Question 2

What are compounds?

Answer 2

Combinations of 2 or more elements

Question 3

What are the four most common elements in living organisms?

Answer 3

C, H, O, N (96% of living matter)

Question 4

What are the next 4 most common elements? (trace elements)

Answer 4

Ca, P, K, S (Na listed too)

Question 5

What are trace elements?

Answer 5

Required in much smaller amounts

Question 6

What is the structure of atoms?

Answer 6

protons and neutrons are in the nucleus; electrons are in a cloud surrounding the nucleus

Question 7

Protons have what charge?

Answer 7

Positive

Question 8

Electrons have what charge?

Answer 8

Negative

Question 9

Neutrons have what charge?

Answer 9

None, they’re neutral

Question 10

What’s the mass number of an element?

Answer 10

of protons + # of neutrons

Question 11

What’s the atomic number of an element?

Answer 11

The number of protons

Question 12

of protons is equal to?

Answer 12

of electrons

Question 13

What do protons do?

Answer 13

Identify the element

Question 14

What do electrons do?

Answer 14

responsible for chemical properties, energy levels, and ability to make chemical bonds

Question 15

What are isotopes?

Answer 15

The same number of protons in an element, but different # of neutrons

Question 16

What’s the weight of a proton?

Answer 16

1 Dalton

Question 17

What’s the weight of a neutron?

Answer 17

1 Dalton

Question 18

What’s the weight of an electron?

Answer 18

Weight is so dismal, its weight isn’t a factor.

Question 19

Which number is the mass number?

Answer 19

Below element title

Question 20

What number is the atomic number?

Answer 20

Upper left

Question 21

What are the max capacity of electrons in each valence shell?

Answer 21

1st shell - 2; 2nd shell - 8; 3rd shell - 8