Chapter 2

Question 1

The Family Life Cycle

Answer 1

1. Family of origin
2. Leaving home
3. Premarriage Stage
4. Childless couple stage
5. Family with young children
6. Family with adolescents
7. Launching Stage
8. Later family life

Question 2

Theories of Couples Development

Answer 2

1. Romance
2. Power Struggle
3. Stability
4. Commitment
5. Co-Creation

Question 3

Acting out

Answer 3

emotional conflict is dealt with through actions rather than feelings

Question 4

Compensation

Answer 4

enables one to make up for real or fancied deficiencies

Question 5

Conversion

Answer 5

the repressed urge is expressed disguised as a disturbance of body function usually of the sensory, voluntary nervous system

Question 6

Decompensation

Answer 6

deterioration of existing defenses

Question 7

Denial

Answer 7

primitive defense inability to acknowledge the true significance of thoughts, feelings, wishes, behavior, or external reality factors that are consciously intolerable.

Question 8

Devaluation

Answer 8

a defense mechanism frequently used by persons with borderline personality disorder in which a person attributes exaggerated negative qualities to self or another

Question 9

Dissociation

Answer 9

a process that enables a person to split mental functions in a manner that allows him or her to express forbidden or unconscious impulses without taking responsibility for the action either because he or she is unable to remember the disowned behavior

Question 10

Displacement

Answer 10

directing an impulse, wish, or feeling toward a person or situation that is not real

Question 11

Idealization

Answer 11

overestimation of an admired aspect or attribute of another

Question 12

Identification

Answer 12

universal mechanism, whereby a person patterns himself or herself after a significant other

Question 13

Identification with the Aggressor

Answer 13

mastering anxiety by identifying with a powerful aggressor (such as an abusive parent) to counteract feelings of helplessness and to feel powerful oneself.

Question 14

Incorporation

Answer 14

primitive mechanism in which psychic representation of a person or parts of a person are figuratively ingested

Question 15

Inhibition

Answer 15

loss of motivation to engage in activity avoided because it might stir up conflict over forbidden impulses

Question 16

Introjection

Answer 16

loved or hated external objects are symbolically absorbed within the self

Question 17

Intellectualization

Answer 17

where the person avoids uncomfortable emotions by focusing on facts and logic

Question 18

Isolation of Affect

Answer 18

unacceptable impulse, idea, or act is separated from its original memory source, thereby removing the original emotional charge associated with it

Question 19

Projection

Answer 19

primitive defense; attributing one disowned attitudes, wishes, feelings, and urges

Question 20

Projective identification

Answer 20

a form of projection utilized by persons with BPD

Question 21

Rationalization

Answer 21

third line of defense; not unconscious

Question 22

Reaction Formation

Answer 22

person adopts affects, ideas, attitudes, or behaviors that are opposites of those he or she harbors consciously or unconsciously

Question 23

Regression

Answer 23

partial or symbolic return to more infantile patterns of reacting or thinking

Question 24

Repression

Answer 24

key mechanism; expressed clinically by amnesia or symptomatic forgetting serving to banish unacceptable ideas

Question 25

Splitting

Answer 25

a defensive mechanism associated with BPD in which a person perceives self and others as “all good” or “all bad”

Question 26

Sublimation

Answer 26

potentially maladaptive feelings or behaviors are diverted into socially acceptable, adaptive channels

Question 27

Symbolization

Answer 27

mental representation stands for some other formation and some other symptoms

Question 28

Turning Against Self

Answer 28

defense to deflect hostile aggression or unacceptable impulses from another to self

Question 29

Underdoing

Answer 29

a person uses words or actions to symbolically reverse or negate unacceptable thoughts, feelings, or actions.

Question 30

Risk factors for alcohol and other drug abuse

Answer 30

1. Family
2. Social
3. Psychiatric
4. Behavioral

Question 31

Models believed to explain the causes of substance abuse

Answer 31

1. Biopsychosocial
2. Medical
3. Self-medication
4. Family and environmental
5. Social model

Question 32

Goals of substance abuse treatment

Answer 32

1. Abstinence from substances
2. Maximizing life function
3. Preventing or reducing the frequency and severity of relapse

Question 33

Stages of Treatment for Substance Use Disorder

Answer 33

1. Stabilization
2. Rehabilitation/habilitation
3. Maintenance

Question 34

Treatment Approaches for Substance Use Disorder

Answer 34

1. Medication-assisted treatment
2. Psychosocial or psychological
3. Behavioral therapies
4. Self-help groups

Question 35

Groupthink

Answer 35

a group makes faulty decisions because of group pressure

Question 36

Group polarization

Answer 36

occurs during group decision-making when discussion strengthens a dominant point of view and results in a shift

Question 37

Genograms

Answer 37

diagrams of family relationships beyond a family tree allow a social worker and client to visualize hereditary patterns and psychological factors.