Chapter 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

The Enlightenment

A

Advocated for critical thinking and practical knowledge
Ability to challenge oppressors
Rational, scientific, universal civilization

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2
Q

Functionalism

A

Social world is a dyanamic system of interrelated and interdependent parts
Social structures exist to help people fulfill their wants and desires
Spencer, Durkheim, Parsons, Merton

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3
Q

Social fact

A

General social features that exist on their own

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4
Q

Durkheim Studies

A

Social Fact, Anomie, Social solidarity, collective conscience, social integration

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5
Q

Anomie

A

State of normlessness that results from lack of clear goals

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6
Q

Two Types of Social Solidarity

A

Mechanical- feelings of likeness. Everyone doing/feeling the same thing. Typically a tradition
Organic- Each person is interdependent with others. Comes from embracing individual differences

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7
Q

Rules for Sociological Method

A
  1. Sociology is a distinct field of study
  2. Although social sciences are distinct from natural sciences, the methods can be applied to either
  3. Social field is distinct from the psychological realm
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8
Q

Social Integration

A
  1. Attachment to social groups and their goals
  2. Regulation by the collective conscience of social grouping
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9
Q

Four Categories of suicide

A

Egoistic - From having weak ties to group
Altruistic - Overly connected to group
Anomic - Society isn’t present with them
Fatalistic - Overwhelmed with societies norms

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10
Q

Conflict Theory

A

Society is grounded upon inequality and competition. Power is the core of all social relationships

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11
Q

Marx Studies

A

Class, Bourrgeoisie, forces and relations of production, Alienation, Exploitation, Historical materialism (German Ideology)

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12
Q

Prime mover in History

A

Struggles between two opposing classes

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13
Q

Adam Smith Studies

A

Competition and the wealth producing benefits of capitalism

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14
Q

Class consciousness

A

Awareness on the part of the working class of their common relationship

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15
Q

German Ideology

A

Material existence fuels historical change
Dialectic is the struggle between economic classes
Human consciousness and human interaction with the material world could change society

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16
Q

Superstructure

A

All things society values and aspires to once it’s needs are met (religion, laws)

17
Q

Bourgeoisie

A

Those that own the means of production

18
Q

Alienation

A

Workers are disconnected from what they produce

19
Q

Exploitation

A

Difference between what workers are paid and the wealth they create for the owners

20
Q

Symbolic interactionism

A

People act towards things based on the meaning those things have for them
Mead - the social organism is a social group

21
Q

Symbolic Interactionism (micro)

A

Ways in which meanings are created, constructed and changed by society

22
Q

Weber Studies

A

Verstehen, Social Action, Rationalization

23
Q

Four Types of social action

A

Instrumental-rational - efficient pursuit of goals
Value-rational - behaviour based on values
Affective - impulsive actions
Traditional - routines

24
Q

Cooley Studies

A

Sympathetic introspection - putting yourself in someone else’s shoes
Looking-glass self - we develop our self image through what we believe others see

25
Q

Goffman Studies

A

Dramaturgical analysis - The self emerges from the performances we play and how other actors relate to us