Chapter 2 Flashcards
mortality
death rate
5 most frequent causes of death account for approximately..
70% of U.S. deaths
common risk factors for leading causes of death
- hypertension
- smoking
- obesity
mortality rate
measure of people dying in a given time period
survival rate
percentage of people with a condition who are still alive for a given period of time after diagnosis
morbidity
“index” of how bad you feel, more useful to track measures of ill health
- causes and measures of disability
- burden of “ill health” on a population
- conditions that interfere with normal function
- toll of an illness
what are the measures of morbidity?
- degree of disability (health problems that interfere with normal physiological, mental or emotional functions)
- costs: morbidity of illness puts significant strain on resources
- comparing costs doesn’t take into account physiological impact of a disease
- number of people affected
incidence
number of new cases at a given time, useful measure of impact of acute disease in a population
prevalence
number of total cases at a given time, useful for chronic disease
aging
time-related deterioration of physiological processes
aging is..
heterogenous and begins at physical maturity
age dependent diseases
everyone will get a disease at some point if they live long enough
what was the life expectancy in the U.S. in the 1920s?
55
what is the life expectancy today?
77.3, was 78.8 in 2019
- females: 80.5
- males: 75
life expectancy of african americans
75.4
