Chapter 2 Flashcards
(144 cards)
what is the mass and charge of a neutron
1 amu; no charge
what is the mass and charge of a proton
1 amu; positively charged
what is the mass and charge of an electron
no mass; negatively
what is an atom or group of atoms with either a positive or negative charge called
ion
what is a cation
reaches stability by losing electron; becomes positively charged
what are common cations in the body
Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, H+
what is an anion.
Reaches stability by gaining an electron (negatively charged)
What are common anions in the body
Cl-, HCOsub3-, POsub4^3-
what is an ionic bond between
a positively charged cation and negatively charged anion
what is an ionic compound
structure produced when oppositely charged ions are held together by ionic bonds
when is a covalent bonded molecule created
when elements share electrons
when does a molecular compound form
when two or more different elements sharing electrons
what are examples of compounds
COsub2, water
what are examples of molecules
Osub2, Hsub2
what is a single covalent bond
one pair of electrons are shared between two atoms
what is a double covalent bond
two pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms
what is a triple covalent bond
what 3 pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms
what is the relative attraction each atom has for electrons
electronegativity
what is a non polar covalent bond
equal sharing of electrons between atoms
what is a polar covalent bond
unequal sharing of electrons between atoms
what is an example of a non polar molecule
Osub2
what is an example of a polar molecule
H2O
what is an amphipathic molecule
molecules that contain both non polar and polar components
what is an example of an amphipathic molecule
phospholipid