chapter 2

Question 1

physical evidence

Answer 1

any object that can establish that a crime has or has not been committed or can link a crime and its victim or its perpetrator

Question 2

rough sketch

Answer 2

a draft representation of all essential information and measurements at a crime scene, drawn at crime scene

Question 3

finished sketch

Answer 3

a precise rendering of the crime scene usually drawn to scale

Question 4

strip or line search pattern

Answer 4

start at the boundary at one end, walk straight through to the other side, and move a little down and walk straight back to the other side

Question 5

grid search pattern

Answer 5

two people performing line searches that originate from adjacent corners and form perpendicular lines

Question 6

spiral search pattern

Answer 6

one person, they move at in inward spiral from outside in, or an outward spiral from inside out

Question 7

wheel or ray search pattern

Answer 7

several people starting at the edges of the boundary and walking inwards or from the center straight outwards

Question 8

quadrant or zone search pattern

Answer 8

divides the scene in zones and team members are assigned to each section

Question 9

chain of custody

Answer 9

a list of all people who came into possession of an item of evidence

Question 10

standard/reference sample

Answer 10

physical evidence whose origin is known such as fibers or hair from a suspect that can be compared to crime scene evidence

Question 11

buccal swab

Answer 11

a swab of the inner portion of the cheek, usually collected to determine the DNA profile of the individual

Question 12

substrate control

Answer 12

uncontaminated surface material close to an area where physical evidence has been deposited

Question 13

mincey vs arizona

Answer 13

a 1978 case where the supreme court restricted the practice of conducting a warrantless search at a homicide scene

Question 14

michigan vs tyler

Answer 14

a 1978 case where the supreme court dealt with search and seizure procedures at an arson scene

Question 15

at a crime scene first priority should be given to obtaining ___ for individuals in need of it

Answer 15

medical assistance

Question 16

even though no authorized personnel are admitted to the scene an accurate ___ must be kept of those who do enter and exit the scene

Answer 16

log

Question 17

three methods for recording the crime scene

Answer 17

notes, sketches, and photography

Question 18

the crime scene notes should include a precise record of personnel movements in and out of the scene starting with the

Answer 18

first responders

Question 19

true or false: the value of crime-scene photographs lies in their ability to show the layout of the scene position of witnesses and their relation to people to one another in the scene

Answer 19

false

Question 20

a digital camera captures light on a light-sensitive

Answer 20

microchip

Question 21

the succession of photographs taken at a crime scene is ___ first and ___ last

Answer 21

overview, close up

Question 22

to ensure that their digital images will be admissable many jurisdictions have developed or are developing ___ for the use of digital photography

Answer 22

strict protocol

Question 23

true or false: an ordinary mailing envelope is considered a good general purpose evidence container

Answer 23

false