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Organizational Behavior > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Organizational Culture

A

Set of shared assumptions that a group holds, that determine how it perceives, thinks about and reacts to the environment

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2
Q

Observable Artifacts

A

Behaviors and physical traditions done throughout the company. PYHSICAL ex: The dancing stuff in the Whale movie

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3
Q

Exposed Values

A

Explicitly stated beliefs that are preferred by an organization. ex: Sustainability (Being Green)

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4
Q

Enacted Values

A

Values and norms that a company ACTUALLY incorporates into practice within employees.

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5
Q

Basic Underlining Assumptions

A

unobservable assumptions that represent the core of a organizational culture. ex: Google-known for innovative culture so it would be weird seeing a employee that didn’t value creativity and innovation.

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6
Q

Layers of Organizational Culture

A
  1. Observable Artifacts
  2. Exposed Values
  3. Enacted Values
  4. Basic Underlining Assumptions
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7
Q

Four Functions of Organizational Culture

A
  1. Give members a organized identity. Example is southwest has a identity of being people friendly
  2. Facilitate Collective Commitment (Mission Statement). Example Southwest-Customer Satisfaction
  3. Promote Social System Stability-The extent that the work environment is perceived as a fun place and also how well change and conflict are managed.
  4. Shape Behavior by helping members make sense of their surroundings
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8
Q

Clan Culture

A

Internal focus and values; flexibility rather then stability and control. Family type organization; encourage collaboration between employees

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9
Q

Adhocracy Culture

A

External focus and value. Adapts to change quickly; employees have more power and take risks

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10
Q

Market Culture

A

Strong external focus and values; stability and control. Driven by competition; profit and customers trump employee satisfaction. RESULTS OVER EVERYTHING

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11
Q

Hierarchy Culture

A

Internal focus and values stability and control over flexibility.

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12
Q

Organizational Socialization

A 
Process by which a person learns the values, norms, and required behaviors which permit him to participate as a member of the organization.
Tactic
Collective vs. individual
Formal vs. informal
Sequential vs. random
Fixed vs. variable
Serial vs. disjunctive
Investiture vs. divestiture
Description
Collective: consists of grouping newcomers and exposing them to a common set of experiences; Individual: exposing each individually to a set of unique experiences
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13
Q

Collective vs. Individual

A

Collective: consists of grouping newcomers and exposing them to a common set of experiences; Individual: exposing each individually to a set of unique experiences

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14
Q

Formal vs. Informal

A

Formal: Segregating newcomer from regular organization members; Informal: not distinguishing between newcomer and experienced members

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15
Q

Sequential vs. Random

A

Sequential: fixed progression of steps that culminate in the new role; Random: ambiguous or dynamic progression

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16
Q

Fixed vs. Variable

A

Fixed: provides a timetable for the assumption of the role; Variable: does not provide timetable

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17
Q

Serial vs. Disjunctive

A

Serial: newcomer is socialized by an experienced member; Disjunctive: does not use a role model

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18
Q

Investiture vs. Divestiture

A

Investiture: affirmation of newcomer’s incoming global and specific role identities and attributes; Divestiture: denial and stripping away of the newcomer’s existing sense of self to rebuild in the organization’s image

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19
Q

Social Culture

A

shared values, norms identities and interpretations that result from common experiences that are transmitted over time EX: Language, customs

20
Q

Ethnocentrism

A

Belief that your culture is better then others

21
Q

Cultural Intelligence

A

Ability to accurately interpret ambiguous cross-cultural situations

22
Q

Power distance

A

How much unequal distribution of power?

23
Q

Uncertainty avoidance

A

How much should people rely on social norms and rules to avoid uncertainty?

24
Q

Societal Collectivism

A

How much should leaders encourage and reward loyalty to the social unit, as opposed to the pursuit of individual goals

25
Q

In-Group Collectivism

A

Pride and loyalty individuals have for their family/organization

26
Q

Gender Egalitarianism

A

How much gender is worth in a society

27
Q

Assertiveness

A

How dominant individuals are in social relationships

28
Q

Future orientation

A

How much should people plan/focus for the future

29
Q

Performance Orientation

A

How individuals are rewarded for good work

30
Q

Humane Orientation

A

How society values being kind, generous, etc.

31
Q

Low-Context Cultures

A

Primary meaning derived from written and spoken words

32
Q

Monochronic Time

A

schedule-driven; Focus on time

33
Q

Polychronic Time

A

time is absent/flexible

34
Q

Expatriate

A

Someone who works outsides their homeland

35
Q

Perception

A

Cognitive process that enables us to interpret and understand our surroundings

36
Q

Consensus

A

Involves a comparison of an individuals behavior with that of his peers

37
Q

Distinctiveness

A

involves comparing a person’s behavior on one task with the behavior from other tasks

38
Q

Consistency

A

determined by judging if the individual’s performance is consistent over time

39
Q

Affirmative Action

A

artificial intervention that gives managers a chance to correct a decimation

40
Q

Five Personality Dimensions

A
  1. Extraversion
  2. Agreeableness
  3. Conscientiousness
  4. Emotional Stability
  5. Openness to Experience
41
Q

Proactive Personality

A

Person who is unaffected by situational forces and effects environmental change

42
Q

Internal Locus of Control

A

belief that you control your own life

43
Q

External Locus of Control

A

Belief that your life is the product of the environment; out of your control

44
Q

Emotional Intelligence

A

The ability to manage oneself and ones relationship in mature and constructive ways

45
Q

Emotional Contagion

A

being influenced by someone else’s emotions

46
Q

Emotional Labor

A

effort expended to masks ones true feelings and emotions

Organizational Behavior (4 decks)

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