CHAPTER 2 Flashcards
a group of people with common characteristics or interests living together within a territory or geographical boundary
place where people under usual conditions are found
COMMUNITY
COMMUNITY
Derived from a latin word ____ which means a group of people.
“comunicas”
Part of paramedical and medical intervention/approach which is concerned on the health of the whole population
COMMUNITY HEALTH
AIMS OF COMMUNITY HEALTH: (3)
- Health promotion
- Disease prevention
- Management of factors affecting health
Both profession & a vocation.
Assisting sick individuals to become healthy and healthy individuals achieve optimum wellness
NURSING
“The utilization of the nursing process in the different levels of clientele-individuals, families, population groups and communities, concerned with the promotion of health, prevention of disease and disability and rehabilitation.” (Maglaya, et al)
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
Goal: “To raise the level of ____ by helping
communities and families to cope with the ____ in and ____ to health in such a way as to maximize their potential for _____” (Nisce, et al)
citizenry; discontinuities; threats; high-level wellness
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
Special field of nursing that combines the skills of ___, ____ and some phases of ______ and functions as part of the total public health program for the promotion of health, the improvement of the conditions in the ____ and ______, rehabilitation of ____ and _____ (WHO Expert Committee of Nursing)
nursing, public health and some phases of social assistance; social and physical environment; illness and disability
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
“The utilization of the nursing process in the different levels of clientele-individuals, families, population groups and communities, concerned with the promotion of health, prevention of disease and disability and rehabilitation.”
(Maglaya, et al)
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
“To raise the level of citizenry by helping communities and families to cope with the discontinuities in and threats to health in such a way as to maximize their potential for high-level wellness”
(Nisce, et al)
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
Special field of nursing that combines the skills of nursing, public health and some phases of social assistance and functions as part of the total public health program for the promotion of health, the improvement of the conditions in the social and physical environment, rehabilitation of illness and disability
(WHO Expert Committee of Nursing)
COMMUNITY HE ALTH NURSING
A learned practice discipline with the ultimate goal of ______ and in collaboration with others to the promotion of the client’s _______ thru’ teaching and delivery of care (Jacobson)
contributing as individuals; optimum level of functioning
COMMUNITY HE ALTH NURSING
A learned practice discipline with the ultimate goal of contributing as individuals and in collaboration with others to the promotion of the client’s optimum level of functioning thru’ teaching and delivery of care
(Jacobson)
COMMUNITY HE ALTH NURSING
A service rendered by a professional nurse to IFCs,
population groups in health centers, clinics, schools, workplace for the promotion of health, prevention of illness, care of the sick at home and rehabilitation
(DR. Ruth B. Freeman)
COMMUNITY HE ALTH NURSING
A service rendered by a _______ to IFCs, population groups in health centers, clinics, schools, workplace for the promotion of health, prevention of illness, care of the sick at home and rehabilitation
professional nurse
PUBLIC HEALTH
“The science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and efficiency through organized community effort for:
1. The ____ of the environment
2. The control of ________
3. The education of the individual in _______
4. The organization of ____ and _____ services for the early diagnosis and preventive treatment of disease
5. The development of a ______ to ensure everyone a standard of living, adequate for maintenance of health to enable every citizen to
realize his birth right of health and longevity (Dr. C.E Winslow)
- The sanitation of the environment
- The control of communicable infections
- The education of the individual in personal hygiene
- The organization of medical and nursing services for the early diagnosis and preventive treatment of disease
- The development of a social machinery to ensure everyone a standard of living, adequate for maintenance of health to enable every citizen to
realize his birth right of health and longevity (Dr. C.E Winslow)
MISSION OF CHN (5)
1· Health Promotion
2· Health Protection
3· Health Balance
4· Disease prevention
5· Social Justice
“The philosophy of CHN is based on the ________.” (Dr. M. Shetland)
worth and dignity of man
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF CHN
- The ____ is the patient in CHN, the ____
is the unit of care and there are four levels of clientele: ___, ____, _____(those who share common characteristics, developmental stages and common exposure to health problems – e.g. children, elderly), and the _____.
community; family; individual, family, population group and the community
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF CHN
- In CHN, the client is considered as an _____
partner NOT ____
recipient of care
ACTIVE
partner NOT PASSIVE
recipient
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF CHN
- CHN practice is affected by developments in ______, in particular, changes in _____, in general
health technology; society
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF CHN
- The goal of CHN is achieved through _______.
multi-sectoral efforts
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF CHN
- CHN is a part of _______ and the _______.
health care system; larger human services system
ROLES OF A PUBLIC HEALTH NURSE (7)
Clinician
Health Educator
Facilitator
Supervisor
Health Advocator
Advocator
Collaborator
ROLES OF A PUBLIC HEALTH NURSE
who is a health care provider, taking care of the sick people at home or in the RHU
Clinician
ROLES OF A PUBLIC HEALTH NURSE
who aims towards health promotion and illness prevention through dissemination of correct information; educating people
Health Educator
ROLES OF A PUBLIC HEALTH NURSE
who establishes multi-sectoral linkages by referral system
Facilitator
ROLES OF A PUBLIC HEALTH NURSE
who monitors and supervises the performance of midwives
Supervisor
ROLES OF A PUBLIC HEALTH NURSE
who speaks on behalf of the client
Health Advocator
ROLES OF A PUBLIC HEALTH NURSE
who act on behalf of the client
Advocator
ROLES OF A PUBLIC HEALTH NURSE
who working with other health team member
Collaborator
ROLES OF A PUBLIC HEALTH NURSE
who working with other health team member
Collaborator
In the event that the _______ is unable to perform his duties/functions or is not available, the ______ will take charge of the ____’s responsibilities.
Municipal Health Officer (MHO); Public Health Nurse
OTHER SPECIFIC RESPONSIBILITIES OF A NURSE, SPELLED BY THE IMPLEMENTING RULES AND REGULATIONS OF RA 7164 (PHILIPPINE NURSING ACT OF 1991) INCLUDES:
- Supervision and care of women during ____, _____, and ____
- Performance of _______ and _______
- ______ in the absence of a physician
- Provision of _______ and ______
- Recommending ___ and _____ meds…etc.
- Supervision and care of women during pregnancy, labor and puerperium
- Performance of internal examination and delivery of babies
- Suturing lacerations in the absence of a physician
- Provision of first aid measures and emergency care
- Recommending herbal and symptomatic meds…etc.
OTHER SPECIFIC RESPONSIBILITIES OF A NURSE, SPELLED BY THE IMPLEMENTING RULES AND REGULATIONS OF RA 7164 (PHILIPPINE NURSING ACT OF 1991) INCLUDES:
In the care of the families:
· Provision of _________
· Developmental/Utilization of ________ in the provision of care
· Provision of primary health care services
· Developmental/Utilization of family nursing care plan in the provision of care
OTHER SPECIFIC RESPONSIBILITIES OF A NURSE, SPELLED BY THE IMPLEMENTING RULES AND REGULATIONS OF RA 7164 (PHILIPPINE NURSING ACT OF 1991) INCLUDES:
In the care of the communities:
·Community _______, community _____ and ______
·Case _____ and ______ investigation
·Program _____, ______ and _______
·Influencing ______ and _______ individuals or bodies concerning health and development
·Community organizing mobilization, community development and people empowerment
·Case finding and epidemiological investigation
·Program planning, implementation and evaluation
·Influencing executive and legislative individuals or bodies concerning health and development
RESPONSIBILITIES OF CHN:
1. be a part in developing an ______, its
implementation and evaluation for communities
2. provide ______ to the three levels
of clientele
3. maintain _______ with other health team members, NGO/government agencies in the provision of public health services
4. conduct ______ relevant to CHN services to improve provision of health care
5. provide opportunities for ______
and _____ for staff development
- be a part in developing an overall health plan, its
implementation and evaluation for communities - provide quality nursing services to the three levels
of clientele - maintain coordination/linkages with other health team members, NGO/government agencies in the provision of public health services
- conduct researchers relevant to CHN services to improve provision of health care
- provide opportunities for professional growth
and continuing education for staff development
STANDARDS OF CHN (9)
- Theory
- Data Collection
- Diagnosis
- Planning
- Intervention
- Evaluation
- Quality Assurance and Professional Development
- Interdisciplinary Collaboration
- Research
STANDARDS OF CHN
Applies theoretical concepts as basis for decisions in practice
Theory
STANDARDS OF CHN
Gathers comprehensive, accurate data systematically
Data Collection
STANDARDS OF CHN
Analyzes collected data to determine the needs/ health problems of IFC
Diagnosis
STANDARDS OF CHN
At each level of prevention, develops plans that specify nursing actions unique to needs of clients
Planning
STANDARDS OF CHN
Guided by the plan, intervenes to promote, maintain or restore health, prevent illness and
institute rehabilitation
Intervention
STANDARDS OF CHN
Evaluates responses of clients to interventions to note progress toward goal achievement,
revise data base, diagnoses and plan
Evaluation
STANDARDS OF CHN
· Participates in peer review and other means of evaluation to assure quality of nursing
practice
· Assumes professional development
· Contributes to development of others
Quality Assurance and Professional Development
STANDARDS OF CHN
· Collaborates with other members of the health team, professionals and community representatives in assessing, planning, implementing and evaluating programs for community health
Interdisciplinary Collaboration
STANDARDS OF CHN
· Indulges in research to contribute to theory and practice in community health nursing
Research
LEVELS OF CLIENTELE IN COMMUNITY AND PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING (CPHN)
“A person shall be deemed to be practicing nursing within the meaning of this Act when he/she singly or in collaboration with another, initiates and performs nursing services to individuals, families and communities in any health care setting. It includes, but not limited to, nursing care during conception, labor, delivery, infancy, childhood, toddler, pre-school, school age, adolescence, adulthood and old age.”
➢Furthermore …
”As independent practitioners, nurses are primarily responsible for the promotion of health and prevention of illness. As members of the health team, nurses shall collaborate with other health care providers for the curative, preventive, and rehabilitative aspects of care, restoration of health, alleviation of suffering, and when recovery is not possible , towards a peaceful death”
The Philippine Nursing Law of 2002 ( RA 9173)
Clients of community health nursing is composed of different levels of clientele: (4)
individual
family
population group
community
The world in the present times, is faced with ______ for health.
immense challenges
Jones, et al., 2008 reported the appearance of ___ infectious disease among human population between ___ and ___.
335; 1940 and 2004
are a matter of importance to a great extent if there is a rapid increase in cases and high incidences of deaths cased by these diseases (Petrosillo, 2019)
Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs)
The most effective way to act in response to the threats of EIDs is the ________ -recognizing the connection between human, animal, and environmental health (Johnson et al., 2019)
One Health Approach
consolidated interaction between human health, veterinary medicine, and public and environmental health professionals, clinicians, researchers, and agencies functioning hand in hand for a worthwhile and sustainable health interventions in addressing worldwide and environmental health challenges. The reciprocal actions may occur at several levels which is from management of zoonotic infectious disease outbreaks to consolidated policy-making and funding resolution
(Day, 2011)
• One Health Approach Activities example includes: (3)
National Rabies Prevention and Control Program (NRPCP)
Avian Influenza Protection Program (AIPP)
Philippines Inter-agency Committee on Zoonoses
HIERARCHY OF NURSING PRACTICE FIELDS (4)
Community & Public Health Nursing
Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing
Mother & Child Health Nursing
Adult Health Nursing
FIELDS OF COMMUNITY AND PUBLIC HE ALTH NURSING (5)
Occupational Health Nursing
Faith Community Nursing
Correctional Nursing
School Health Nursing
Community Health Nursing or Public Health Nursing
____ is multidimensional. The well-being of an individual is determined by factors such as the biological and behavioral characteristics, the physical, and social environment, and of the policies and interventions related to health.
Health
is a fundamental right of every individual.
Health
The _______ are interconnected and have an
influence on the health of the individual, family and community.
social determinants of health
is a specialized field of practice that focuses on health promotion and disease prevention
Community/Public Health Nursing
Health as a shared reality requires _____ and _____ interventions built on partnership
comprehensive and collaborative interventions
Nurses in the community deal with individuals, families, groups, and communities but the ____ remains to be his/her unit of services.
family
Protecting and promoting the ________ is the philosophy of community/public health nursing and ensuring the common good is his/her framework in practice.
worth and dignity of man
Nursing practice should be guided by _______ that spells out obligation of professionals when dealing with population groups.
principles of bioethics
is vital for an effective action to decrease the incidence of emerging infectious disease.
Integrated approach-One Health Concept
