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Medical Terminology > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Circulatory System

A

Composed of the heart, blood, and blood vessels. Transports blood throughout the entire body

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2
Q

Lymphatic System

A

Composed of lymph vessels and nodes. Carries lymph (clear fluid) that fights against infection & plays an important role in immunity

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3
Q

Digestive System

A

Brings food into the body and breaks it down for absorption

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4
Q

Endocrine System

A

Sends chemical messengers (hormones) into the blood

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5
Q

Reproductive System

A

Produce cells (eggs & sperm) to form an embryo and produces hormones

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6
Q

Musculoskeletal System

A

Supports the body and allows it to move. Composed of muscles, bones, joints, and cartilage

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7
Q

Respiratory System

A

Controls breathing. Composed of the trachea, bronchial tubes, and lungs

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8
Q

Skin & Sense Organ System

A

Receives messages from the environment and sends them to the brain. Composed of the skin, eyes, and ears

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9
Q

Urinary System

A

Produces urine and expels it from the body. Composed of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra

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10
Q

Cranial Cavity

A

Located in the skull. Contains the brain & pituitary gland

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11
Q

Thoracic Cavity

A

Surrounded by the sternum & ribs and is also known as the chest cavity. Contains the lungs, heart, windpipe, bronchial tubes, and other organs

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12
Q

Abdominal Cavity

A

Space below the thoracic cavity and contains the stomach, liver, gallbladder, & small/large intestines

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13
Q

Pleura

A

Double membrane that surrounds the lungs

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14
Q

Pleural Cavity

A

Space between the pleura membranes

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15
Q

Mediastinum

A

Large area between the lungs. Contains the heart, esophagus, trachea, and bronchial tubes

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16
Q

Diaphragm

A

Muscle that separates the abdominal & thoracic cavities

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17
Q

Peritoneum

A

Double membrane that covers the abdominal organs

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18
Q

Pelvic Cavity

A

Surrounded by the pelvis and contains the bladder, ureters, urethra, rectum, anus, and uterus

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19
Q

Spinal Cavity

A

Space that surrounds the spinal column (backbones)

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20
Q

Spinal Cord

A

Nervous tissue within the spinal cavity that carries messages to & from the brain

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21
Q

Cervical Spine

A

7 bones that make up the neck

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22
Q

Thoracic Spine

A

12 bones that back up the mid-back

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23
Q

Lumbar Spine

A

5 bones that make up the lower back

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24
Q

Sacral

A

5 fused bones that make up the sacrum

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25
Q

Coccygeal

A

4 fused bones that make up the tailbone

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26
Q

Frontal/Coronal Plane

A

Divides the body into front and back portions

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27
Q

Sagittal/Lateral Plane

A

Divides the body into right and left sides

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28
Q

Midsagittal Plane

A

Divides the body vertically into right and left halves

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29
Q

Transverse/Axial Planes

A

Divides the body into upper and lower portions

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30
Q

Abdomin/o

A

Abdomen

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31
Q

Anter/o

A

Front

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32
Q

Bronch/o

A

Bronchial tubes

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33
Q

Cervic/o

A

Neck of the body or neck of the uterus

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34
Q

Chondr/o

A

Cartilage

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35
Q

Coccyg/o

A

Coccyx, tailbone

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36
Q

Crani/o

A

Skull

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37
Q

Epitheli/o

A

Skin, surface tissue

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38
Q

Esophag/o

A

Esophagus

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39
Q

Hepat/o

40
Q

Lapar/o

41
Q

Laryng/o

A

Larynx/Voicebox

42
Q

Later/o

43
Q

Lumb/o

A

Loin/Waist

44
Q

Lymph/o

45
Q

Mediastin/o

A

Mediastinum

46
Q

Pelv/o

47
Q

Peritone/o

A

Peritoneum

48
Q

Pharyng/o

49
Q

Pleur/o

50
Q

Poster/o

A

Back, behind

51
Q

Radi/o

52
Q

Sacr/o

53
Q

Spin/o

54
Q

Thorac/o

55
Q

Trache/o

A

Trachea/Windpipe

56
Q

Vertebr/o

57
Q

Abdomen

A

Space that contains stomach, gallbladder, liver, intestines

58
Q

Anterior

A

Pertaining to the front

59
Q

Bronchial Tubes

A

2 tubes that carry oxygen to the lungs

60
Q

Bronchoscopy

A

Process of visually examining the bronchial tubes

61
Q

Cartilage

A

Flexible/fibrous connective tissue

62
Q

Cervical

A

Pertaining to the neck of the body or neck of the uterus

63
Q

Chondroma

A

Benign cartilage tumor

64
Q

Chondrosarcoma

A

Malignant cartilage tumor

65
Q

Coccygeal

A

Pertaining to the coccyx

66
Q

Craniotomy

A

Incision into the skull

67
Q

Disc/Disk

A

Piece of cartilage in between each vertebra

68
Q

Epithelial

A

Pertaining to the outer surface skin cells

69
Q

Esophageal

A

Pertaining to the esophagus

70
Q

Esophagus

A

Tube located in the throat that carries food into the stomach

71
Q

Hepatitis

A

Inflammation of the liver

72
Q

Laparoscopy

A

Process of visually examining the abdomen

73
Q

Laparotomy

A

Incision of the abdomen

74
Q

Laryngeal

A

Pertaining to the larynx

75
Q

Laryngectomy

A

Resection or excision of the larynx

76
Q

Larynx

77
Q

Lateral

A

Pertaining to the side

78
Q

Lumbar

A

Pertaining to the waist

79
Q

Lymphocyte

A

White blood cell

80
Q

Mediastinal

A

Pertaining to the mediastinum

81
Q

Ovary

A

Female organ that produces egg cells and hormones

82
Q

Pelvis

A

Bones of the hips

83
Q

Peritoneal

A

Pertaining to the peritoneum

84
Q

Pharyngeal

A

Pertaining to the pharynx

85
Q

Pleuritis

A

Inflammation of the pleura

86
Q

Posterior

A

Pertaining to the back

87
Q

Radiology

A

Study of x-rays

88
Q

Sacral

A

Pertaining to the sacrum

89
Q

Thoracotomy

A

Incision of the chest

90
Q

Tracheotomy

A

Incision of the trachea

91
Q

Ureter

A

2 tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder

92
Q

Urethra

A

Tubes that carries urine from the bladder to the outside

93
Q

Uterus

A

Muscular female organ that carries & develops a fetus

94
Q

Vertebra

A

A single backbone

95
Q

Vertebrae

A

Multiple backbones

96
Q

Vertebral

A

Pertaining to the vertebrae

Medical Terminology (15 decks)

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