Chapter 1a : Applied Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

What are the functions of the skeleton?

Answer 1

. Support
. Protection
. Movement
. Structural shape and points for attachment
. Mineral storage
. Blood cell reproduction

Question 2

How does the the skeleton SUPPORT the body?

Answer 2

Bones keep us upright and hold muscles in place

Question 3

How does the skeleton PROTECT the body?

Answer 3

It surrounds and protects vital organs from damage.

Question 4

What do the LONG BONES do in the body?

Answer 4

Long bones support weight of the body and helps with gross movements.

Question 5

How does the skeleton help with MOVEMENT?

Answer 5

Muscles contract to pull the bone of the body

Question 6

What do red blood cells do?

Answer 6

It carries oxygen to the muscles

Question 7

What do white blood cells do?

Answer 7

It fights infections

Question 8

What is a joint?

Answer 8

Place where two or more bones meet

Question 9

What is a synovial joint?

Answer 9

Type of joint commonly found in the limbs; contains a synovial membrane that produces synovial fluid.

Question 10

What is the cartilage?

Answer 10

It covers the end of the bones, providing a smooth, friction-free surface

Question 11

What is synovial fluid?

Answer 11

Produced by the synovial membrane to lubricate the joint.

Question 12

What is a capsule?

Answer 12

Tough fibrous tissue - surrounds synovial joints; usually supported by ligaments.

Question 13

What are ligaments?

Answer 13

They join bone to a bone.

Question 14

What is a dislocation?

Answer 14

When the bones of a joint separate from their normal position.

Question 15

What is a bursae?

Answer 15

A fluid-filled bag that helps reduce friction in a joint.

Question 16

What is a tendon?

Answer 16

Attaches muscles to a bone.

Question 17

What is a hinge joint?

Answer 17

A joint that allows flexion and extension.

Question 18

What is flexion?

Answer 18

A Movement where the angle between bones reduces.

Question 19

What is extension?

Answer 19

Movement where the angle between bones increases.

Question 20

What is a vertebrae?

Answer 20

Bones that form the spine or backbone.

Question 21

What is a ball and socket joint?

Answer 21

A joint that allows many movements: flexion and extension; abduction and adduction; and rotation.

Question 22

What is range of movement?

Answer 22

A measure of the flexibility of a joint in terms of the different movements allowed.

Question 23

What is abduction?

Answer 23

Movement where limbs are moved away from the body.

Question 24

What is adduction?

Answer 24

Movement where limbs are moved back towards the body.

Question 25

What is rotation?

Answer 25

Turning a limb across it’s long axis.

Question 26

What is the meniscus?

Answer 26

The cartilage acts as a shock absorber between the tibia and the femur in the knee joint.

Question 27

What are the cruciate ligaments?

Answer 27

Attaches tibia to femur in the knee joint.

Question 28

What is plantar flexion?

Answer 28

Movement at the ankle where toes are pointed towards the ground

Question 29

What is dorsiflexion?

Answer 29

Movement at the ankle where the toes are pulled up towards the knee.

Question 30

What is circumduction?

Answer 30

A circular movement of a limb.