Chapter 18 - Important Slide Part 2 Flashcards
Who controls the pituitary gland? How does it control differently between anterior and posterior pituitary gland?
- Hypothalamus
- Anterior: hypothalamus sends releasing and inhibiting factors (hormones)
- Posterior: hypothalamus sends hormones directly
What are the major hormones of anterior pituitary?
- GH = growth hormone or somatotropin = (STH)
- TSH = thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH; thyrotropin)
- ACTH = Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
- FSH, LH = Gonadtropic hormone
- PRL = prolactin
What is the function of growth hormone?
Stimulate growth of bones, muscles, and other tissues.
What is the function of thyroid-stimulating hormone?
- Stimulates the growth of thyroid gland
2. Secretes T3 and T4
What is the function of adrenocorticotropic hormone?
- Stimulates the growth of the adrenal cortex
2. Increases the secretion of steroid hormones (mainly cortisol).
What is the function of Gonadotropic hormones?
- FSH = Stimulates the growth of ovaries and production of sperms
- LH = promotes ovulation, and stimulates testes to produce testosterone.
What is the function of prolactin?
Promotes growth of breast tissue and milk production/secretion.
What are the two important hormones released by the posterior pituitary gland?
- Antidiuretic hormone (ADH); also called vasopressin
2. Oxytocin (OT)
What is the function of antidiuretic hormone?
Increases water reabsorption and increase blood pressure
What is the function of oxytocin?
Stimulates uterus contraction during childbirth/labor
What are the hormones released by the ovaries? What is the hormones actions?(!!!)
Produces estrogen and progesterone
- Estrogen = develops female sexual characteristics
- Progesterone = prepares and maintains the uterus in pregnancy
What is the hormone released by testes? What is this hormones actions? (!!!)
- Testosterone
2. Promote development of sperm and male sex characteristics
