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AP Biology 1200 > Chapter 18- Cardiovascular: Blood > Flashcards

Chapter 18- Cardiovascular: Blood Flashcards

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1
Q

a person with type A blood can produce what type of antibodies?

A

can produce type B antibodies (opposite)

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2
Q

bile pigments are created as blood break down products in the?

A

liver

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3
Q

blood normally leaves the right ventricle through?

A

the pulmonary semilunar valve

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4
Q 
which of the following reduces heart rate?
epinephrine
acetylcholine
norephinerphrine
digitalis
nicotine
A

acetylcholine

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5
Q

a pt feeling ever chest pain radiates to neck jaw shoulder and left arm symptoms of?

A

myocardial infarction

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6
Q

the lub sound first heard on the sound of heart beat is due to

A

closing of the atrioventricular valves

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7
Q 
which of the following agents opposes coagulation?
thrombin
vit k
thromboplastin
hagermanfactor 
heparin
A

heparin

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8
Q 
pt found to have blood type A negative needs blood transfusion following types are avail which would be safest to administer?
O negative
AB negative
O positive
A postive
B positive
A

type O negative

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9
Q 
polymorphonuclear leukocytes are
lymphocytes
monocytes basophils
neutrophils
eosinophils
A

neutrophils

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10
Q 
tissue macrophages develop from 
monocytes 
polymorphonuclear leukocytes
lymphocytes
neutrophils
basophils
A

monocytes

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11
Q 
you would find the thickest tunica media in a \_\_\_\_\_
small artery
small vin
large artery
large vein
capillary
A

large artery

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12
Q 
tapeworms hookworms and other parasites too large for phagocytes are attacked mainly by 
eosinophils
natural killer cells
cytoxic T cells
macrophages
neutrophils
A

eosinophils

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13
Q

valves are found in..

veins and lymphatic vessels
vein
veins and arteries
arteries
capillaries
A

veins and lymphatic vessels

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14
Q

the exchanges of gases between the lungs and the blood occurs by

A

diffusion

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15
Q

a weak point in blood vessels or heart wall forms a thin walled bulging sac that may rupture is an

A

anurysm

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16
Q

the lymphatic trunks converge to form the right lymphatic duct and thoracic duct these ducts drain into the …

internal jugular veins

external jugular veins

subclavian veins superior vena cana

aorta

A

subclavian veins

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17
Q

largest white blood cell

A

macrophage

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18
Q

precursor to platelets

A

megakaryocyte

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19
Q

natural killer cell

A

lymphocyte

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20
Q

slow growth rate

A

suppressor t cell

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21
Q

prevalent during allergy attacks

A

basophil

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22
Q

most common white blood cell

A

neutrophil

23
Q

on erythrocytes what determines the ABO blood type and act as antigen?

A

surface glycoproteins

24
Q

what is the most common type of blood?

A

type O

25
Q

agranulocytes? (3)

A

neutrophils
easinophils
basophils

26
Q

what secretes heparin and prevent clot formation and mobility of other leukocytes

A

basophils

27
Q

eosinophil

A

count rises in allergies, parasite infection, phagocytize antibody tagged material

28
Q

monocyte

A

in crease in viral infection or inflammatory phagocytic macrophages

29
Q

lymphocyte

A

large nucleus compared to cytoplasm

30
Q

albumin

A

largest contributor to osmotic pressure (influence movement of H2o)

act as a carrier protein transport fatty acids,
thyroid hormones steroid hormone and other hormones

31
Q

globulin

A

antibodies transport globulins e.g.. metalloprotins like transferrin (iron transfer protein)

32
Q

fibrinogen

A

(plasma protein) precursor to fibres that stick together to form blood clot

33
Q

t cells mature in

A

thymus

34
Q

b cells mature in

A

bone marrow

35
Q

natural killer cells carry on

A

immune surveillance of abnormal tissue cells

36
Q

lymphocytes like : b cells and t cells provide

A

antigen specific immune responses

37
Q

blood act as: (3)

A

transport: carries hormones from endocrine to target order, metabolic waste to kidneys for removal, pick up untried digestive tract delivery to body tissues
protection: role in inflammation limit speed of infection, antibodies and other blood proteins neutralize toxins
regulation: absorbing, giving off fluid under different conditions blood capillaries, help stablize fluid distribution in body, suffer acid, bases

38
Q

Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas

A

neutrophils, lymphocyte, monocyte, eosinophil, basophil

39
Q

osmolarity proportional to osmotic pressure and increase of osmotic pressure means

A

increase osmolarity greater tendency to pull H20 in (influences h20 movement); increase ospomitc pressure in blood means more h2o enters the blood if low osmotic pressure then deem occurs water in tissue

40
Q

contribution to osmotic pressure by proteins is called

A

colloid osmotic pressure

41
Q

difference between colloid osmotic pressure in blood and colloid osmotic pressure in tissue is called

A

oncotic pressure

42
Q

blood volume in adult for adult is measured apx

A

8 % of body weight in KG
F: 4-5 L
M: 5-6 L

43
Q

blood cell formation: hemopoiesis: made where?

A

bone marrow

44
Q

hemocytoblast -> myeloid stem cells -> erythroblast ->forms reticulocyte in how many days?

A

5-7 days makes rbc (erythrocyte)

45
Q

vit b 12 req intrinsic factor for absorption deficiency of this results in

A

pernicious anemia

46
Q

increase reticulocyte in blood work means

A

anemia

47
Q

erythrocyte life cycle

break down gives us bilirubin process in liver= jaundice ( or rate RBC breaks down)

takes how many days?

A

120 days

48
Q

anemia results in LOW

A

hematocrit (volume of rbc/ blood volume)

hemoglobin concentration

erythrocyte total count/ volume

49
Q

types of anemia

insufficient rbc production can be from

A

kidney failure low EPO
low dietary iron
vit b 12 deficiency ( pernicious anemia)

50
Q

anemia from loss from bleeding

A

hemorrhagic anemia

51
Q

anemia from destruction

A

hemolytic anemia

52
Q

anemias due to altered hemoglobin structure

A

sickel cell disease-mutation in hemoglobin genes sickle cell anemia (oxygen is low due to sickle shape)

homozygous mom and dad have lower life expectacy due to Hb polymerization

heterozygous individuals have sickle cell trait and maybe somewhat protected from l malaria

53
Q

anemia due to level of hemoglobin

A

thalasemia due to defects in hemoglobin made synthesis from mutation often iregulatory gene for global synthesis

54
Q

high rbc count polycethemia cause?

A

cancer of erthropoietic cell line

circumstances in which results in hypoxemia such as emphysema, smoking, high altitude

RBC increase very viscous blood can result in heart attack and die suddenly

dehydration

AP Biology 1200 (6 decks)

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