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EC Health Assessment > Chapter 18: Breasts, Axillae, and Regional Lymphatics > Flashcards

Chapter 18: Breasts, Axillae, and Regional Lymphatics Flashcards

1
Q

Alveoli

A

Smallest structures in the mammary gland

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2
Q

Areola

A

Darkened area surrounding the nipple

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3
Q

Colostrum

A

Thin, yellow fluid, precursor of milk, secreted for a few days after birth

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4
Q

Cooper ligaments

A

Suspensory ligaments; fibrous bands extending from the inner breast surface to the chest wall muscles

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5
Q

Fibroadenoma

A

Benign breast mass

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6
Q

Galactorrhea

A

Persistent white discharge of milk between nursing sessions or after weaning

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7
Q

Gynecomastia

A

Excessive breast development in the male

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8
Q

Intraductal papilloma

A

Serosanguineous nipple discharge

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9
Q

Inverted

A

Nipples that are depressed or invaginated

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10
Q

Lactiferous

A

Conveying milk

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11
Q

Mastalgia

A

Pain in breast

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12
Q

Mastitis

A

Inflammation of the breast

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13
Q

Montgomery glands

A

Sebaceous glands in the areola that secrete protective lipid during lactation; also called tubercles of Montgomery

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14
Q

Paget disease

A

Intraductal carcinoma in the breast

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15
Q

Peau d’orange

A

Orange peel appearance of breast due to edema

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16
Q

Retraction

A

Dimple or pucker on the skin

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17
Q

Striae

A

Atrophic pink, purple, or white linear streaks on the breasts, associated with pregnancy, excessive weight gain, or rapid growth during adolescence

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18
Q

Supernumerary nipple

A

minute extra nipple along with the embryonic milk line

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19
Q

Tail of Spence

A

extension of breast tissue into the axilla

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20
Q

Thelarche

A

Beginning of prepubertal breast development

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21
Q

Identify appropriate history questions to ask regarding the breast examination

A

.

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22
Q

Describe the anatomy of the breast.

A

.

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23
Q

Correlate changes in the female breast with normal developmental stages.

A

.

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24
Q

Describe the components of the breast examination.

A

.

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25
Q

List points to include in teaching the breast self-examination.

A

.

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26
Q

Explain the significance of a supernumerary nipple or breast.

A

.

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27
Q

Differentiate between the female and male examination procedures and findings.

A

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28
Q

Discuss benign breast disease

A

.

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29
Q

Discuss abscess that can occur in the breast.

A

.

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30
Q

Describe acute mastitis in the breast.

31
Q

Describe fibroadenoma of the breast.

32
Q

Describe breast cancer.

33
Q

Describe Paget disease in the breast.

34
Q

List and describe the characteristics to consider when a mass is noted in the breast.

35
Q

Define gynecomastia.

36
Q

Describe screening mammography and clinical breast examination (CBE) for the diagnosis of breast lesions.

37
Q

List the high-risk and moderate-risk factors that increase the usual risk for breast cancer.

38
Q

Identify label A

A

Pectoral fascia

39
Q

Identify label B

A

Pectoralis major muscle

40
Q

Identify label C

A

Intercostal muscles

41
Q

Identify label D

A

Suspensory ligaments

42
Q

Identify label E

A

Lactiferous sinus

43
Q

Identify label F

A

Lactiferous duct

44
Q

Identify label G

A

Gland lobules

45
Q

Identify label H

A

Adipose tissue - fat

46
Q

Identify label i

47
Q

Identify label j

48
Q

Identify label A

A

Supraclavicular nodes

49
Q

Identify label B

A

Intraclavicular nodes

50
Q

Identify label C

A

Central axillary nodes

51
Q

Identify label D

A

Cephalic vein

52
Q

Identify label E

A

Axillary vein

53
Q

Identify label F

A

Axillary vein nodes

54
Q

Identify label G

A

Pectoral neurovascular bundle

55
Q

Identify label H

A

Scapular nodes

56
Q

Identify label I

A

Thoracodorsal nerve

57
Q

Identify label J

A

External mammary nodes

58
Q

Identify label K

A

Long thoracic nerve

59
Q

Identify label L

A

Internal mammary nodes

60
Q

The reservoirs for storing milk in the breast are:

a. Lobules
b. Alveoli
c. Montomery glands
d. Lactiferous sinus

61
Q

What is the most common site of breast tumors?

a. Upper inner quadrant
b. Upper outer quadrant
c. Lower inner quadrant
d. Lower outer quadrant

62
Q

During a visit for a school physical, the 13-year-old girl being examined questions the asymmetry of her breasts. What is the nurse’s best response?

a. “One breast normally may grow faster than the other during development.”
b. “I will give you a referral for a mammogram.”
c. “You will probably have fibrocystic disease when you are older.”
d. “This may be an indication of hormonal imbalance. We will check again in 6 months.”

63
Q

When teaching the breast self-examination, you would inform the women that the best time to conduct breast self-examination is:

a. At the onset of the menstrual period
b. On the 14th day of the menstrual cycle
c. On the 4th to 7th day of the cycle
d. Just before the menstrual period

64
Q

You are providing health promotion teaching for a 40-year-old women. What is the current recommendation for women 40 to 44 years of age and older for breast cancer screening with mammography?

a. May begin every year
b. Every 2 years
c. Twice a year
d. Only baseline examination needed unless the women has symptoms

65
Q

You are going to inspet a female patient’s breasts for retraction. The best position for this part of the examination is:

a. Lying supine with arms at the sides
b. Leaning forward with hands outstretched
c. Sitting with hand pushing onto hips
d. One arm at the side, the other arm elevated

66
Q

A bimanual technique may be the preferred approach for a women:

a. Who is pregnant
b. Who is having the first breast examination by a health care provider
c. With pendulous breasts
d. Who has felt a change in the breast during self-examination

67
Q

During the examination of a 70-year-old man, you note gynecomastia. You would:

a. Refer for a biopsy
b. Refer for a mammogram
c. Review the medications for drugs that have gynecomastia as a side effect
d. Proceed witht eh examination. This is a normal part of the aging process

68
Q

During a breast examination, you detect a mass. Which of the following is most consistent with cancer rather than benign breast disease?

a. Roung, firm, well demarcated
b. Irregular, poorly defined, fixed
c. Rubbery, mobile, tender
d. Lobular, clear margins, negative skin retraction

69
Q

During the examination of the breasts of a pregnant women, you would expect to find:

a. Peau d’orange
b. Nipple retraction
c. Unilateral, obvious venous pattern
d. Blue vascular pattern over both breasts

70
Q

Which women should not be referred to a provider for further evaluation?

a. A 26-year-old with multiple nodules palpated in each breast
b. A 48-year-old who has a 6-month history of reddened and sore left nipple and areolar area
c. A 25-year-old with asymmetric breasts and inversion of nipples since adolescence
d. A 64-year-old with ulcerated area at tip of right nipple; no masses, tenderness, or lymph nodes palpated

71
Q

Any lump found in the breast should be referred for further evaluation. A benign lesion will usually have 3 of the following characteristics. Which one is characteristic of a malignant lesion?

a. Soft
b. Well-defined margins
c. Freely movable
d. Irregular shape

72
Q

Gynecomastia is:

a. Enlargement of the male breast
b. Presence of mast cells in the male breast
c. Cancer of the male breast
d. Presence of supernumerary breast on the male chest

73
Q

Which is the first physical change associated with puberty in girls?

a. Areolar elevation
b. Breast bud development
c. Height spurt
d. Pubic hair development

74
Q

During the examination of a 30-year-old women, she asks about “the 2 large moles” that are below her left breast. After examining the area, how do you respond?

a. “I think you should be examined by a dermatologist.”
b. “This is a normal finding of supernumerary nipples that are not developed.”
c. “These are Montgomery glands, which are common.”
d. “Is there a possibility you are pregnant?”

EC Health Assessment (14 decks)

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