Chapter 18, Autonomic nervous system

Question 1

The two nervous systems

Answer 1

SNS- Somatic nervous system, ANS- Autonomic nervous system.

Question 2

The Somatic nervous system is

Answer 2

The processes that are controlled consciously, the skeletal muscles. Sensory is special and general

Question 3

The Autonomic nervous system is

Answer 3

Processes that are unconscious, the smooth muscle, the cardiac muscle, and the glands. Visceral sensory inputs.

Question 4

What happens in SNS

Answer 4

in SNS the lower motor neuron axon extends from the spinal cord to the skeletal muscle

Question 5

What happens in ANS

Answer 5

A two-neuron chain innervates involuntary muscles and glands.

Question 6

Divisions of ANS

Answer 6

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic

Question 7

Sympathetic division

Answer 7

Prepares the body for emergencies, such as fight or flight. Increased alertness and higher metabolic activity. Heart rate increases, digestive functions decrease, and your blood vessels dilate.

Question 8

Parasympathetic division

Answer 8

Conservation/ saving of energy and the replenishment of nutrients. Known as “rest and digest”. Maintains homeostasis.

Question 9

Dual Innervation

Answer 9

innervation by postganglionic axons from both ANS divisions. Many visceral effectors have this. Caused by both divisions, can be antagonistic or cooperative.

Question 10

Autonomic reflexes

Answer 10

Help maintain homeostasis. Examples: Smooth muscle contractions, cardiac muscle contractions, and gland secretions.

Question 11

What four cranial nerves are in the parasympathetic division

Answer 11

Oculomotor, Facial, glossopharyngeal, and Vagus