Chapter 18

Question 1

Bronchi

Answer 1

air enters the lungs through this

Question 2

Bronchioles

Answer 2

where bronchi branch off

Question 3

Alveoli

Answer 3

bronchioles finally end at the small, vascularized sacs

Question 4

Respiratory Surface

Answer 4

where the body acquires oxygen and eliminates CO2 waste

Question 5

Capillaries

Answer 5

tiny, thin-walled blood vessels that connect the gases exchanged with the body

Question 6

Gas Exchange

Answer 6

the primary function of the lungs: O2 from the environment is exchanged for CO2 from the body

Question 7

Hemoglobin

Answer 7

respiratory pigment

Question 8

Cardiovascular System

Answer 8

• circulating fluid (blood)
• pump (heart)
• vascular system (blood vessels and capillaries)

Question 9

Cardiac Cycle

Answer 9

involves the sino-atrial node (SA node) and is the complete sequence of filling the heart with blood and pumping it out of the heart

Question 10

Sino-Atrial Node (SA Node)

Answer 10

is the pacemaker and stimulates the heart to beat

Question 11

Systole

Answer 11

contraction of the heart

Question 12

Diastole

Answer 12

relaxation of the heart

Question 13

Pulse

Answer 13

the wave of blood

Question 14

Blood Pressure

Answer 14

the force of the blood against blood vessel walls

Question 15

Hypertension

Answer 15

is chronic high blood pressure that can be caused by atherosclerosis

Question 16

Atherosclerosis

Answer 16

damages to the blood vessel walls

Question 17

Nephron

Answer 17

functional unit of the kidneys, where filtration of wastes occurs

Question 18

Renal Arteries

Answer 18

brings blood to the kidneys to be filtered

Question 19

Renal Vein

Answer 19

where blood leaves the kidney