Chapter 18/19 (Pt. 4)

Question 1

how are most nutrients reabsorbed from the proximal tubule?

Answer 1

secondary active transport

Question 2

what’s the difference between primary and secondary active transport?

Answer 2

primary: uses ATP directly

secondary: uses electrochemical gradient from primary transport

Question 3

in the active reabsorption of glucose, where do we see primary active transport?

Answer 3

Na/K pump into the cell on basolateral membrane

Question 4

in the active reabsorption of glucose, where do we see secondary active transport?

Answer 4

Na+ and glucose brought in from lumen into the cell on apical side

Question 5

in the active reabsorption of glucose, facilitated diffusion?

Answer 5

glucose transporter from inside the cell outside the cell, on the basolateral membrane

Question 6

in the active reabsorption of glucose, simple diffusion?

Answer 6

glucose diffusing into a peritubular capillary

Question 7

how are AAs reabsorbed

Answer 7

secondary active transport

Question 8

how are ions reabsorbed?

Answer 8

passively; and by symporters and exchangers

Question 9

how is water reabsorbed from the proximal tubule?

Answer 9

osmotic pressure; through aquaporins

Question 10

secondary active transport

Answer 10

how are most nutrients reabsorbed from the proximal tubule?

Question 11

primary: uses ATP directly

secondary: uses electrochemical gradient from primary transport

Answer 11

what’s the difference between primary and secondary active transport?

Question 12

Na/K pump into the cell on basolateral membrane

Answer 12

in the active reabsorption of glucose, where do we see primary active transport?

Question 13

Na+ and glucose brought in from lumen into the cell on apical side

Answer 13

in the active reabsorption of glucose, where do we see secondary active transport?

Question 14

glucose transporter from inside the cell outside the cell, on the basolateral membrane

Answer 14

in the active reabsorption of glucose, facilitated diffusion?

Question 15

glucose diffusing into a peritubular capillary

Answer 15

in the active reabsorption of glucose, simple diffusion?

Question 16

secondary active transport

Answer 16

how are AAs reabsorbed

Question 17

passively; and by symporters and exchangers

Answer 17

how are ions reabsorbed?

Question 18

osmotic pressure; through aquaporins

Answer 18

how is water reabsorbed from the proximal tubule?

Question 19

AAs are almost completely reabsorbed from the glomerular filtrate via active transport in the ?

Answer 19

proximal tubule

Question 20

what is the graph telling you about glucose reabsorption and why is 200 mg/dL considered overt diabetes?

Answer 20

at 200 mg/dL, the rate of filtration outstrips that of reabsorption. in other words…

kidney can’t recapture all the glucose back from blood/glomerulus due to a finite number of glucose transporters, so it ends up in the urine.

Question 21

where does continuous reabsorption occur in the nephron tubule?

Answer 21

proximal tubule

Question 22

where does regulated reabsorption occur in the nephron tubule?

Answer 22

distal tubule

Question 23

where does continuous vs. regulated reabsorption occur in the nephron tubule?

Answer 23

proximal: unregulated

distal: regulated

Question 24

distal tubule: un/regulated reabsorption

Answer 24

regulated

Question 25

proximal tubule: un/regulated reabsorption

Answer 25

unregulated